Behavioral Ecology of Vocal Diversity

动物行为程序非技术摘要标题：声音多样性的行为生态学i: Bradbury， Jack w .提案#:9974527博士。布拉德伯里将研究哥斯达黎加野生橙头鹦鹉（Aratinga canicularis）的接触叫声。尽管每个个体似乎都有自己的变体，但来自同一社会单位的鸟类的叫声似乎是趋同的。布拉德伯里博士和他的同事们将长期记录无线电追踪的野生鸟类，以确定叫声如何以及为什么会随着社会关系而变化。他们将把不同鸟群的鸟放在一个鸟舍里，监测叫声如何随着新鸟群的形成而变化，并监测放归野外后的后续变化。最后，他们将合成已知鸟类叫声的数字副本，以特定的方式修改它们，并使用对鸟类配偶的回放来确定哪些叫声变化用于识别任务。人们对鹦鹉在野外如何使用声音学习知之甚少。鹦鹉与许多鸣禽的不同之处在于终生交配，它们使用声音信号来表达社会关系，而不是保卫领土，并且依靠大脑的不同部位进行声音交流。有证据表明，鹦鹉的叫声可能比鸣禽的叫声更接近人类的语言。Bradbury博士将为哥斯达黎加鹦鹉保护计划提供生态数据，并培训美国和哥斯达黎加的学生作为研究的一部分。

Animal Behavior ProgramNon-technical AbstractTitle: Behavioral Ecology of Vocal DiversityPI: Bradbury, Jack W.Proposal #: 9974527Dr. Bradbury will study the contact calls of wild Orange-Fronted Parakeets (Aratinga canicularis) in Costa Rica. Although each individual appears to have its own variant, calls of birds from the same social units appear to be convergent. Dr. Bradbury and associates will record radio-tracked wild birds over time to determine how and why calls change with social affiliation. They will combine birds from different flocks in an aviary, monitor how calls change with new group formation, and monitor subsequent changes after release to the wild. Finally, they will synthesize digital copies of known birds' calls, modify them in specific ways, and use playbacks to the birds' mates to determine which variations in calls are used in recognition tasks.Little is known about how parrots use vocal learning in the wild. Parrots differ from many songbirds in mating for life, using vocal signals for social affiliation instead of territorial defense, and relying on different parts of the brain for vocal communication. Evidence suggests that parrot calls may provide closer parallels to human speech than do songbird songs. Dr. Bradbury will provide ecological data for Costa Rican parrot conservation programs, and train US and Costa Rican students as part of the study.