General-purpose Process Migration

进程迁移问题受到了很多关注，但只产生了好坏参半的结果。传统上，迁移机制被用来平衡分布式系统中处理器之间的负载。然而，到目前为止为通用应用程序提出的大多数机制都需要对操作系统内核进行广泛的修改。因此，传统观点认为，流程迁移的成本与由此带来的好处并不相称。这项研究对进程迁移有了新的看法，认识到它对越来越多可以容忍更高管理费用的新兴应用程序的实用性，以及使用新的用户级技术实施必要机制的可能性。ProcessMigration支持多种功能，如移动性、协作工作、分布式系统管理、自动可重新配置和容错。此外，API拦截技术允许在应用程序与底层操作系统交互的执行路径中插入任意功能，从而能够在不修改内核的情况下实现进程迁移。这项研究调查了一种将应用程序与操作系统和物理环境中的依赖项分离的虚拟化方案。虚拟化还可以监视和控制进程和操作系统之间的交互以及由此产生的副作用，从而使进程迁移成为可能。

Vijay Karamcheti, Zvi M. KedemThe process migration problem has received a lot of attention but has produced only mixed results. Traditionally, migration mechanisms have been used to balance the load among processors in a distributed system. However, most mechanisms proposed to date for general-purpose applications have required extensive operating system kernel modifications. Hence, conventional wisdom has held that the costs of process migration are not justified by resulting benefits. This research takes a new look at process migration, recognizing both its utility for an increasing number of emerging applications that can tolerate higher overheads, as well as the possibility of implementing necessary mechanisms using novel user-level techniques. Processmigration enables a host of capabilities such as mobility, collaborative work, distributed systems management, automatic reconfigurability, and fault-tolerance. Moreover, API interceptiontechnologies, which permit insertion of arbitrary functionality in the execution path of an application's interactions with the underlying operating system, enable process migration to be implemented without kernel modification. This research investigates a virtualizationscheme that decouples an application from dependencies in the operating system and the physical environment. Virtualization also monitors and controls the interactions and the resulting side effects between processes and operating systems, making process migrationpossible.