Geophysical and Geodetic Search for Transients in the Northern Chile Coupling Zone

智利北方的地质构造情况以及整个Bündelantrag的轮廓已在封面段落中描述（见附录）。我们的子项目TP 1涵盖了通过慢地震和非火山震颤（NVT）表达的慢滑动的搜索和分析，以及地震期间快速滑动的分析，以及这两种现象可能的相互联系。对于后者，我们希望分析一般地震活动的分布和演化以及大地震的破裂过程，重点是最近的Tocopilla事件（2007年11月14日，7.8级）在地震空区南部边缘使用我们自己的本地数据。几年来，GFZ和IPG（巴黎）在智利北方的伊基克地震空白处运营着一个共同的永久地球物理板块边界观测站，约有15个台站（运营和在建），不断记录宽带地震数据、强震以及全球定位系统和大地电磁数据。几个站已经将真实的数据传输到波茨坦。额外的临时离岸海岸实验（TP2，H. Kopp和TP 6，J. Behrmann，在本Bündelantrag中提出）将收集海底耦合区浅层的地震和倾斜数据。这里提出的工作是对PBO数据进行长期科学分析和对一般地震活动性、慢震和构造震颤进行近实时监测的开始。目前在世界上的几个板块边界（卡斯卡迪亚、加州、墨西哥、日本）进行了类似的观测，取得了很有希望的成功。由于安第斯俯冲属于最活跃的俯冲，我们预计也会有好的结果。

The tectonic situation in northern Chile with the eminent danger of catastrophic earthquakes and the outline of the entire Bündelantrag have been described in the covering paragraph (see Appendix). Our subproject TP1 covers both the search and analysis of slow slip, expressed through slow earthquakes and non-volcanic tremors (NVT) and the analysis of fast slip during earthquakes, as well as the possible interconnection of the two phenomena. With respect to the latter, we want to analyze both distribution and evolution of the general seismicity and the rupture processes of large earthquakes with a focus on the recent Tocopilla event (14th November 2007, magnitude 7.8) at the southern edge of the seismic gap using our own local data. The GFZ and IPG (Paris) are operating since several years a common permanent geophysical Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) in the Iquique seismic gap in northern Chile with about 15 stations (operating and under construction) which are continuously recording broadband seismic data, strong motion, and GPS and MT data. Several stations have already real time data transmission to Potsdam. Additional temporary off shore experiments (TP2, H. Kopp and TP6, J. Behrmann, proposed within this Bündelantrag) will collect seismic and tilt data at the shallow part of the coupling zone at the ocean bottom. The work proposed here is the beginning of a long-term scientific analysis of the PBO data and near realtime monitoring of general seismicity, slow earthquakes, and tectonic tremors. Similar observations are at present conducted at several plate boundaries in the world (Cascadia, California, Mexico, Japan) with very promising success. Since the Andean subduction belongs to the most vigorous ones, we expect also good results.