Integrated Wireless Sensor Networks for the Control of the Indoor Environment in Buildings

随着微电子学和微机械学的最新进展，传感器、无线收发器和能源的集成、小尺寸组合现在正在成为现实。这为此类设备广泛应用于控制大型建筑物中的环境提供了前所未有的机会，并在如何良好地以及如何节能建筑物的操作方面提供了巨大的改进。 一阶估计表明，仅在美国，节能建筑管理方法就可以将源能源消耗减少2个四次方（四次方英国热量单位或BTU）。该项目旨在开发新颖的、非传统的芯片技术应用，这将彻底改变建筑行业的环境控制，目前建筑行业几乎完全没有使用基于芯片的设备。将开发一个集成的“传感器/无线通信/能源”节点，支持多个传感前端，包括但不限于温度，光线和定位，无缝无线网络接口和集成能源，使节点能够独立运行至少五年。该模块将使用单芯片集成和先进的封装技术集成各个组件。该节点将支持配置、操作、查询和维护网络所需的所有功能。所采用的联网方法将有能力通过冗余处理个别节点故障。为了解决这项研究的多学科性质，该项目结合了伯克利的四个研究中心的努力，每个研究中心都有一个非常具体的专业领域，对该计划的成功至关重要（1）伯克利无线研究中心（BWRC）;（2）伯克利传感器和执行器中心（BSAC）;（3）建筑环境中心（CBE）;（4）伯克利传感器和执行器中心（BSAC）。（4）集成制造实验室（IML）。 该奖项由土木机械系统部和工程教育和中心部共同资助。

With the recent progress in microelectronics and micromechanics, integrated, small footprint combinations of sensors, wireless transceivers, and energy sources are now becoming reality. This offers an unprecedented opportunity for such devices to be widely applied in controlling the environments in large buildings, and to provide tremendous improvement in how well and how energy-efficient buildings are operated. First-order estimations indicate that an energy-conscious building management approach could reduce source energy consumption by 2 quads (quadrillion British Thermal Units or BTUs) in the U.S. alone. This project proposes to develop novel, non-traditional applications of chip technology that will revolutionize environmental control in the building industry, where chip-based devices are virtually not utilized at all today. An integrated "sensor / wireless communication / energy source" node will be developed, that supports multiple sensoring front-ends including, but not restricted to, temperature, light, and localization, a seamless wireless network interface, and an integrated energy source, which allows the node to be self-contained and to operate independently for at least five years. The module will integrate the individual components using both single chip integration, and advanced packaging techniques. The node will support all the functionality needed to configure, operate, query, and maintain the network. The networking approach employed will have the capability to deal with individual node failure through redundancy. To address the multi-disciplinary nature of this research, the project combines the efforts of four research centers in Berkeley, each with a very specific area of expertise essential to the success of the program (1)The Berkeley Wireless Research Center (BWRC); (2) The Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center (BSAC); (3) The Center for the Built Environment (CBE); and (4) the Integrated Manufacturing Lab (IML). This award is co-funded by the Civil & Mechanical Systems Division and the Engineering Education and Centers Division.