CAREER: EleXIR: A Top-Down Approach to Research and Learning in Efficient Hierarchical Electromagnetic Simulation Methods for Complex Structures and Systems

计算电磁学(CEM)是一个多样化的领域，每年都会有几个新的应用。由于计算算法和硬件的进步，逐步分析更复杂的电磁(EM)问题已经成为可能。事实上，未来几代计算机的发展本身将严重依赖于用于芯片和互连的高效、集成的CEM工具的可用性。随着全球对具有无与伦比的复杂性的高速系统的日益重视，显然EM效应正变得越来越主导。无线网络正在以惊人的速度在美国和世界上的几个地方扩张。高速片上系统现在是无数商业、国防和研究领域的焦点。当前和未来的几个具有前所未有潜力的关键领域，包括下一代互联网、战场通信和情报以及大规模分布式计算，正在或将依赖于复杂的无线网络和片上系统。这些领域将对美国日益信息化的经济和国防以及未来的全球高科技经济产生巨大影响。这些复杂系统和结构的设计和开发需求导致了对准确、分层的EM分析的迫切需求。这些模拟是必要的，以开发新的设计和范例，并节省迭代的物理原型和测试的过高的成本和时间要求。仿真非常复杂，直到最近才有可能用合理的计算资源和时间获得中等精度的结果。虽然电磁仿真：教学和研究(EleXIR)的进化进展无处不在，但本提案中的电磁仿真：教学和研究(EleXIR)方法提出了范式转换的、基于物理的革命性的电磁仿真方法，这些方法有可能在未来几年内使大规模结构和系统的准确、高效和集成的电磁仿真成为可能。这些方法将导致先进工具的开发，这些工具能够执行严格和自动化的三维全波电磁模拟，并具有当今电路级建模的简便性和透明性。由此产生的进展将极有可能影响目前和未来电磁应用的几个仿真方面，包括基于无线的网络和片上系统问题，例如：通过随机介质传播和粗糙面散射高速射频电路和片上系统的信号完整性分析复杂目标的雷达散射截面的设计和分析新型天线阵列的设计和分析现代机电、光学和量子设备的分析这些应用虽然不是详尽的，但却是广泛和多样的。为了解决这些问题，提出了一种统一的面向类的方法，该方法依赖于基于物理的、冗余提取的方法来对EM问题的分层积分式建模。高效的积分方程式、针对特定类型问题的物理调整的快速算法，以及分层和降阶建模方案的组合，是未来几年开发革命性的新型CEM工具的范例，这些工具适用于几种与系统芯片和无线相关的EM应用。随着这些技术的进步，在这些高技术领域创造具有可持续研究和发展所需的临界质量的人才库的必要性和挑战将通过新的综合课程来解决，新的综合课程将以自上而下的方式纳入感兴趣的领域的新的CEM方法，即经典EM、高速电路、无线通信和设备。对美国和全球经济具有战略重要性的研究、教学和技术转让方面的这些关键要求，构成了这里提出的EleXIR方法的重点。EleXIR的总体目标包括在高科技领域开发、教学和技术转让现代CEM的无缝自上而下方法，这些领域需要或将在不久的将来需要，包括无线和高速电路应用。*

0093102JandhyalaComputational electromagnetics (CEM) is a diverse field that sees several new applications each year. Owing to advances in computational algorithms and hardware, it has become feasible to analyze progressively more complex electromagnetic (EM) problems. Indeed, the development of future generations of computers will itself be heavily dependent on the availability of efficient, integrated CEM tools for chips and interconnects.With the enhanced global emphasis on high-speed systems of unparalleled complexity, it is evident that EM effects are becoming increasingly dominant. Wireless networks are expanding at a dramatic rate in the United States and in several parts of the world. High-speed systems-on-chip are now the focal points in myriad commercial, defense, and research areas. Several critical current and future domains with unprecedented potential including the next-generation internet, battlefield communications and intelligence, and large-scale distributed computing do or will rely on complex wireless networks and systems-on-chip. These areas will have a massive impact on the increasingly information-based economy and defense of the United States, and on the global high-technology economy of the future.The design and development needs of these complex systems and structures have led to a critical requirement for accurate, hierarchical EM analyses. These simulations are necessitated in order to develop new designs and paradigms, and to save on the exorbitant costs and time requirements of iterated physical prototyping and testing. The sheer complexity of the simulations is such that the possibility of achieving even moderately accurate results with reasonable computing resources and time did not exist until recently.While evolutionary advances in CEM are omnipresent, the Electromagnetic-Simulation: Instruction and Research (EleXIR) approach in this proposal presents paradigm-shifting, physics-based, revolutionary CEM methodologies that exhibit the potential to render feasible, over the next few years, the accurate, efficient, and integrated EM simulation of large-scale structures and systems. These approaches will lead to the development of advanced tools with the ability to perform rigorous and automated three-dimensional full-wave EM simulation with the ease and transparency of present-day circuit-level modeling. The resulting advances will have a strong potential to affect several simulation aspects of present and future EM applications, including wireless-based network and system-on-chip issues, such as: Propagation through random media and scattering from rough surfaces Signal integrity analysis for high-speed radio-frequency circuits and systems-on-chip Computation of radar cross sections of complex targets Design and analysis of novel antenna arrays Analysis of modem electromechanical, optical, and quantum devicesThese applications, while not being exhaustive, are extensive and varied. To address these, a unified class-oriented approach is proposed that relies on physics-based, redundancy-extracting approaches to hierarchical integral-equation modeling of EM problems. A combination of efficient integral equation formulations, fast algorithms tuned to the physics of specific classes of problems, and hierarchical and reduced-order modeling schemes, is the paradigm presented here for the development of revolutionary new CEM tools for several system-on-chip and wireless-related EM applications over the next few years. Along with the advances in such techniques comes the necessity and challenge of creating a pool of talent with the critical mass necessary for sustainable research and development in these high-technology areas, which will be addressed through new integrated curricula incorporating new CEM methods in a top-down manner in areas of interest i.e. classical EM, high-speed circuits, wireless communications, and devices. These crucial requirements in research, instruction, and technology-transfer that are of strategic importance to the United States and to global economics form the focus of the EleXIR approach proposed here.The general goals of EleXIR include the development, teaching, and technology transfer of seamless topdown approaches to modem CEM in high-technology areas where it is necessitated, or will be necessitated in the near future, including wireless and high-speed circuit applications.***