SBIR Phase I: A Near-Instantaneous, Whole Blood Immunoassay

这项小型企业技术转移第一阶段项目（SBIR）将有助于开发一种近乎即时的全光学生物传感技术，以取代elisa型（酶联免疫吸附测定）。利用金属纳米壳（一种新型纳米颗粒，其电介质芯上包有一层薄薄的金属层）独特的光学特性，利用表面增强拉曼散射技术可以在高生理透过率的近红外区域（波长在800至1300 nm之间）进行免疫分析。执行这种免疫测定所需的设备将是高度便携和廉价的。对一种模型抗原的初步研究表明，这种基于纳米壳的检测方法可以在20秒内对全血样本产生结果。这在数量上等同于ELISA需要24 - 48小时的结果。该研究将研究临床重要抗体在纳米壳表面的生物偶联效应，以及用于多抗原/分析物检测的多种拉曼染料的检测。该项目正在开发的技术的主要商业应用是200亿美元的免疫测定市场。拟议的研究可能会导致救护车、军事和民用卫生机构、护理点分析和大量药物测试的快速免疫分析设备。核心技术可能在生物芯片、基因组学和蛋白质组学研究以及动物生物学领域有额外的商业应用

This Small Business Technology Transfer Phase 1 Project (SBIR) will contribute towards the development of a near-instantaneous, all-optical biosensing technology to replace ELISA-type (enzyme-linked immunoadsorbant assay) assays. Utilizing the unique optical properties of Metal Nanoshells, a new type of nanoparticle containing a dielectric core coated with a thin metal layer, immunoassays can be performed in the near-infrared region of high physiological transmissivity (wavelengths between 800 and 1300 nm) using Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering techniques. The equipment required to perform this immunoassay will be both highly portable and inexpensive. Initial research with a model antigen has shown that the nanoshell-based assay can produce results on whole-blood samples in 20 seconds. This is quantitatively equivalent to ELISA results requiring 24 to 48 hours. The proposed research will investigate the effects of bioconjugation of clinically important antibodies onto the nanoshell surface and examination of multiple Raman dyes for multi-antigen/analyte assays .The primary commercial application of the technology being developed in this project is in the $20 billion immunoassay market. The proposed research could lead to rapid immunoassay devices for ambulances, military and civilian health agencies, point-of-care analysis and high volume pharmaceutical testing. The core technology may have additional commercial applications in the area of biochips, in genomics and proteomics research, and in animal biology