Measurement of CP-Violation Parameters

认识到这是一个研究新物理学的机会，一个由20个机构组成的强大合作组织已经成立，并提议为名为“罕见对称违反过程”（RSVP）的项目提供资金。RSVP代表了一个机会，使大学社区能够做出非常重要的发现。目前的RSVP范围包括130名科学家，其中约60%来自美国，其他来自加拿大、瑞士、意大利、日本和俄罗斯，以及预计100名研究生和博士后。KOPIO是RSVP项目的一个组成部分，是一个测量中性K介子衰变为中性介子、中微子和反中微子的分支比的实验。对这种衰变模式的兴趣在于，它产生了描述涉及夸克的CP（或时间反转对称）违反的参数的单一、最敏锐的测定。反过来，这将阐明我们的宇宙充满物质的原因，而不是像宇宙起源的幼稚大爆炸理论所期望的那样，物质和反物质的数量相等。这种物质反物质不对称，是我们起源的一个关键因素，也是当今粒子物理学的一个基本问题。

Recognizing an opportunity to address new physics, a strong collaboration representing 20 institutions, has formed and is proposing funding for the project entitled "Rare Symmetry Violating Processes" (RSVP). RSVP represents an opportunity to empower the university community to make discoveries of extraordinary importance. The current scope of RSVP includes 130 scientists, about 60% from the United States, and the others from Canada, Switzerland, Italy, Japan, and Russia, along with an expected 100 graduate students and post-docs.KOPIO, a component of the RSVP project, is an experiment to measure the branching ratio of the decay of a neutral K meson into a neutral pion, a neutrino, and an anti-neutrino. The interest in this decay mode is that it yields the single, most incisive determination of the parameter describing CP (or time reversal symmetry) violation involving quarks. This in turn will shed light on the reason that our Universe is populated with matter, rather than equal amounts of matter and anti-matter as expected from the naive Big Bang theory of the origin of the Universe. This matter anti-matter asymmetry, a critical factor in our origins, is one of the fundamental issues in particle physics today.