Aquatic Faunal Survey of a Peruvian Amazon Floodplain

[02:15388]艾伯特和克拉姆普顿亚马逊洪泛平原是地球上物种最丰富的水生生态系统之一，并且包含了很大比例的特殊和特有物种。这个为期三年的项目将调查和记录秘鲁亚马逊地区一个鲜为人知的、物种繁多的脆弱地区的水生动物。该项目结合了美国、阿根廷、巴西、秘鲁、西班牙和委内瑞拉等国科学家在新热带水生动物学领域的独特专长。工作人员将对秘鲁帕卡亚萨米里亚国家保护区的水生动物进行详细清点，包括鱼类和众多无脊椎动物群体。该保护区是新热带地区最大的连续受保护洪泛平原（21,500平方公里）。该项目将调查主要的水漫滩栖息地：漂浮的草甸、开阔的水域、湖泊和河道。这些调查将包括动物群的季节和年度变化，以便对所有栖息地进行取样。收集工作将侧重于为大多数水生洪泛平原动物提供临界低水位避难所和/或生殖基质的栖息地。该项目将为全球多个机构的分类学专家提供标本和数据。该项目是应秘鲁政府和大学顶尖科学家的邀请，对帕卡亚萨米里亚国家保护区进行首次密集的水生调查。拟议的调查在重点、规模和紧迫性方面符合国家科学基金会生物调查和清单计划和秘鲁环境部的目标和优先事项。帕卡亚萨米里亚保护区的水生动物几乎完全不为人所知，秘鲁亚马逊洪泛平原的任何地方都没有广泛系统的水生动物收集或电子数据库。与靠近市中心的未受保护的保护区相比，帕卡亚萨米里亚保护区还保留了相对完整的森林和水生生态系统。该项目将为当地和美国的学生和教职员工提供培训，从而使保护、科学和教育界受益。

0215388Albert and CramptonAmazonian floodplains are among the most species-rich aquatic ecosystems on earth, and contain a large proportion of specialized and endemic species. This three-year project will survey and document the aquatic fauna of a poorly known, megadiverse and vulnerable region in the Peruvian Amazon. The project represents a unique combination of expertise in Neotropical aquatic zoology, involving international collaboration among scientists in the USA, Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Spain, and Venezuela. The personnel will conduct a detailed inventory of the aquatic animals, including fishes and numerous invertebrate groups, of the Pacaya Samiria National Reserve in Peru. This reserve is the largest contiguous area of protected floodplain in the Neotropics (21,500 square kilometers). The project will survey the principal aquatic floodplain habitats: floating meadows, open waters, lakes and river channels. These surveys will embrace seasonal and annual changes in the fauna in order to sample all habitats. Collecting efforts will emphasize habitats that provide critical low water refuge and/or reproductive substrate for most aquatic floodplain animals. The project will provide specimens and data to taxonomic experts in several institutions worldwide.This Project was prompted by an invitation from leading Peruvian governmental and university scientists to conduct the first intensive aquatic survey of the Pacaya Samiria National Reserve. The proposed survey matches the goals and priorities of the National Science Foundation's Biotic Surveys and Inventories program and Peruvian Ministry of the Environment, in terms of focus, scale, and urgency. The aquatic fauna of the Pacaya Samiria Reserve is almostcompletely unknown, and there are no extensive systematic collections or electronic databases of aquatic animals from anywhere in the Peruvian Amazon floodplains. The Pacaya Samiria Reserve also retains a relatively intact forest and aquatic ecosystem in comparison to unprotected sites closer to urban centers. This Project will provide training to local and U.S. students and faculty colleagues and thus benefit the conservation, scientific, and education communities.