CAREER: Simulations of Galaxy and Cluster Formation: The New Frontiers

提案ID：AST-0239759机构：芝加哥大学PI：Kravtsov，Andrey Kravtsov博士将利用他在芝加哥大学的职业生涯奖，追求对星系和星系团如何在大爆炸宇宙学框架内形成的理解。数据和理论预测的比较表明，冷暗物质模型在大于1兆秒差距的尺度上工作得非常好，但在解释越来越多的较小尺度观测时存在严重困难。Kravtsov博士将模拟星系团和单个星系的形成，包括重要的物理过程，如星星形成，恒星能量反馈和重元素富集，其复杂性和细节达到前所未有的水平。高分辨率模拟将用于研究恒星反馈和金属富集对星系、星系间介质和星系团内气体性质的影响，以及这些影响的可能观测特征。改进后的反馈模型将用于更大的一组较低分辨率的星系和星系团模拟，以评估反馈对星系形态和结构特性以及星系团内介质热特性的统计影响。他将向科学界提供代码和模拟结果。宇宙学，特别是结构形成领域，是一个令人兴奋的主题，具有广泛的大众吸引力。然而，目前教育工作者和公众可利用的关于建立大规模结构的资源很少。Kravtsov将通过以下方式将他的研究项目整合到教育和推广中：（1）致力于为教育工作者和公众提供结构形成领域的研究成果，作为公开讲座和高质量的可视化;（2）让本科生和研究生参与拟议的研究活动;（3）开发新的项目和课程，向学生介绍现代计算技术和算法。

Proposal ID: AST-0239759Institution: University of ChicagoPI: Kravtsov, Andrey Dr. Andrey Kravtsov will use his CAREER award at the University of Chicago to pursue an understanding of how galaxies and galaxy clusters form within the framework of the Big Bang cosmology. Comparisons of data and theoretical predictions show that Cold Dark Matter models work remarkably well at scales larger than one megaparsec, but have serious difficulties in explaining an increasing number of observations at smaller scales. Dr. Kravtsov will model the formation of galaxy clusters and individual galaxies, including important physical processes such as star formation, stellar energy feedback, and heavy element enrichment, at an unprecedented level of sophistication and detail. High-resolution simulations will be used to study the effects of stellar feedback and metal enrichment on the properties of galaxies, the intergalactic medium, and intracluster gas of galaxy clusters as well as possible observational signatures of these effects. The improved feedback models will be used in a larger set of lower-resolution simulations of galaxies and galaxy clusters to evaluate the statistical effects of feedback on the morphology and structural properties of galaxies and thermal properties of the intracluster medium. He will make both the codes and the results of the simulations available to the scientific community. Cosmology, and the field of structure formation in particular, is an exciting subject with broad popular appeal. However, currently there are very few resources concerning the formation of large-scale structure available to educators and the public. Dr. Kravtsov will integrate his research projects into education and outreach by (1) working to deliver results of research in the area of structure formation as both public lectures and high-quality visualizations for educators and the general public; (2) involving undergraduate and graduate students in the proposed research activities; (3) developing new projects and classes introducing students to modern computational techniques and algorithms.