Transforming Requirement Specifications into Architectural Prescriptions

将一个系统的软件需求转换成一个合适的体系结构是一项极其困难的任务。体系结构表示系统结构的创建，该系统结构提供了软件系统将如何实现系统应该做的事情的上下文。由于需求往往是模糊的、不完整的和不稳定的，这一转换任务的难度更大。考虑到需要适应系统的未知用途和在系统进化过程中会发生变化的需求，这只会使任务变得更加困难。我们的建议是我们最初研究（Preskiptor过程[2，3，4]）的继续，该研究旨在弥合软件系统的需求规范和该系统的体系结构规范之间的差距。这种初始化是一种方法，它从正式的需求规格说明（在货车Lamsweerde的KAOS [6，11，12]中）开始，通过系统化的过程将其转换为架构处方[11，12]，其中用于指定架构处方的形式逻辑语言与用于指定需求目标的语言相同。这种方法的优点是抽象（即，在两个规范中使用的域特定概念、问题域中的概念）在两个上下文中都容易理解，并且表示问题域。我们最初的方法解决了基本问题：创建一个满足功能需求规范的体系结构。

ABSTRACT0306613Perry, DewayneU of TexasThe transformation of a system's software requirements into an appropriate architecture is an extremely difficult task. The architecture represents the creation of a system structure that provides the context of how a software system will implement what the system is supposed to do. The difficulty of this transformation task is exacerbated by the fact that requirements are often ambiguous, incomplete and unstable. Factoring in the need to accommodate as yet unknown uses of the system and requirements that will change during the evolutionary life of that system only makes the task more difficult.Our proposal is a continuation of our initial research (the Preskiptor Process [2, 3, 4]) on bridging the gap between a requirements specification for a software system and the architectural specification of that system. This initial is an approach that begins with formal requirements specifications (in van Lamsweerde's KAOS [6, 11, 12]) that are transformed by means of a systematic process into an architectural prescription [11, 12] where the formal logical language for specifying the architectural prescriptions is the same language as that used for specifying the requirement goals. The advantage of this approach is that the abstractions (i.e., the domain specific concepts, the concepts in the problem domain) used in both specifications are easily understood in both contexts and represent the problem domain. Our initial approach solves the basic problem: creating an architectural structure that satisfies the functional requirements specification.