Experimental Studies of Volatile-Bearing Minerals and Rocks Relevant to Subduction Zones, the Mantle and Core

研究人员的高压研究旨在限制挥发物(特别是水、氢、碳和氮)在地球上的行为。其目的是对以下方面作出限制：(1)根据含挥发分铁合金的高压行为评估的地球核心的挥发分含量；(2)在地幔条件下氢和碳如何结合成晶体组合；以及(3)高压下富含挥发分的岩浆的结构和性质。这项工作中使用的方法结合了振动光谱(红外光谱和拉曼光谱)和X射线衍射作为探针，保持在钻石顶压室中的样品，产生超高压。高压加热是通过外部加热器或样品的激光加热来完成的。拟议实验的学术价值包括对地球碳和氢收支的基本洞察；评估大气和水球成分从地球内部脱气，然后通过俯冲重新引入地球的方法；以及地球富铁核心的相关系和性质。这项研究的更广泛影响包括更好地了解地球海洋和大气的起源，以及建立一个框架，以评估宇宙化学最丰富的两种元素--氢和碳--在行星内部极端条件下的表现。

EAR-0310342Knittle AbstractThe investigator's high pressure studies are oriented towards constraining the behavior of volatiles (particularly water, hydrogen, carbon and nitrogen) within planet Earth. The objectives are to derive constraints on: (1) the volatile content of Earth's core, as evaluated from the high pressure behavior of volatile-bearing iron alloys; (2) how hydrogen and carbon are bound into crystalline assemblages at mantle conditions; and (3) the structure and properties of volatile-rich magmas at high pressures. The methods employed in this work combine vibrational spectroscopy (infrared and Raman spectroscopies) and x-ray diffraction as probes of samples held within the diamond anvil cell, which generate ultra-high pressures. Heating at high pressures is accomplished with either external heaters or laser-heating of samples. The intellectual merits of the proposed experiments include producing fundamental insights into the carbon and hydrogen budgets of planet Earth; evaluating the means by which atmospheric and hydrospheric constituents are degassed from the Earth's interior and then reintroduced into the planet through subduction; and the phase relations and properties of Earth's iron-rich core. The broader impacts of this study includes developing a better understanding of the genesis of Earth's oceans and atmosphere, as well as developing a framework for assessing how two of the most cosmochemically abundant elements, hydrogen and carbon, behave under the extreme conditions of planetary interiors.