US- Egypt Cooperative Research: Production and Application of Novel Insecticidal and Antimicrobal Textiles Using Atmospheric Plasmas and Irradiation Techniques

该奖项旨在支持北卡罗来纳州立大学核工程系Mohamed Bourham博士和埃及开罗国家研究中心纺织部Samiha Gawish博士之间的合作研究项目。研究人员将利用大气等离子体和辐射技术研究新型杀虫和抗微生物纺织品的生产和应用。辐照、接枝和等离子体或化学改性方法将用于在纺织品上形成具有生物活性的季铵盐位或其他基团，而不会损害原有的机械性能。将合成三个系列的新型生物杀虫织物：永久性防蛾羊毛织物；抗吸血昆虫的杀虫织物；抗菌织物。杀生纺织品将从市场上可获得的原材料中制备出来，在实验室和中试规模上进行，然后转移到该行业。抗菌整理的有效性，或羊毛对昆虫的抵抗力，以及其对反复洗涤或干洗的耐用性将被确定。其他相关纤维性能的改善，如合成纤维回潮率的增加和染料上染率的增加将得到衡量。将对杀生纺织品的生产成本进行评估。将确定潜在的最终用途和应用领域。将进行元素微量分析和其他测试，以表征生产的生物杀菌纺织品，并将测量织物的抗菌活性。适用范围：杀生纺织品在抗击致命疾病传播方面的重要性日益增加。需要将这些纺织材料的生产和应用方法引入纺织行业，以便在不久的将来从天然纤维、合成纤维或混纺纤维的无纺布或机织物生产新型生物杀菌纺织品。研究将与埃及国家研究中心的科学家合作进行，埃及的纺织业是该国的主导产业。合作者在检测技术和纺织品制造方面拥有互补的技能和专业知识。该项目得到了美国-埃及联合基金计划的支持，该计划为两国的科学家和工程师提供资助，以开展这些合作活动。

0318758BourhamDescription: This award is to support a cooperative research project between Dr. Mohamed Bourham, Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University and Dr. Samiha Gawish, Textile Division, the National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt. The Investigators will study the production and applications of novel insecticidal and antimicrobal textiles using atmospheric plasmas and irradiation techniques. Irradiation, grafting, and plasma or chemical modification methods will be used for the formation of bioactive quatemary ammonium salts sites or other groups onto the textiles, without impairing the original mechanical properties. Three series of novel biocidal textiles will be synthesized: permanent moth proofed wool fabrics; insecticidal fabrics, which are resistant to blood-sucking insects; and antimicrobial fabrics. Biocidal textiles will be prepared from the available raw materials in the market, on a laboratory and pilot scales, and then transferred to the industry. The effectiveness of the antimicrobial finish, or wool resistance to insects and its durability to repeated washings or dry cleaning will be determined. Improvement of other related fibers properties such as the increase of moisture regain for synthetic fibers and increase of dye uptake will be measured. Biocidal textile production cost will be evaluated. Potential end-uses and fields of application will be identified. Elemental microanalysis and other tests, for characterization of the produced biocidal textiles, will be conducted, and the antimicrobial activity of the fabrics will be measured. Scope: Biocidal textiles are gaining in importance for combating the spread of fatal diseases. Methods of production and application of these textile materials need to be introduced to textile industries, for the near future production of novel biocidal textiles from non-woven or woven fabrics of natural, synthetic or blend of fibers. Research will be conducted in collaboration with scientists from the NRC of Egypt, where the textile industry is a leading industry in that country. The collaborators have complementary skills and expertise in detection techniques and in textile manufacturing. This project is being supported under the US-Egypt Joint Fund Program, which provides grants to scientists and engineers in both countries to carry out these cooperative activities.