Workshop on the Combined Modeling of Social and Physical Infrastructure Networks

摘要：网络科学领域的兴起及其在基础设施研究中的应用研讨会在过去的五年中，许多物理学家、互联网理论家、社会科学家以及动态系统和复杂性方面的专家在网络一般理论的发展方面取得了重大进展。这一理论及其实证基础（有些人称之为网络科学）试图解释网络为何出现，以及它们如何成长和演变。Albert-Laszlo Barabasi最近的一本书（2002）标志着网络科学作为一个科学探究领域的合并和出现。其他学者同意Barabasi的断言，即一门新的网络科学正在出现，这在最近由m.e.j. Newman（2003）对复杂网络的全面回顾中得到了证明。一些对网络科学最重要的贡献是由研究人类活动的社会科学家做出的，这些活动被称为所谓的社会网络。许多与物理网络相同的一般属性，如小世界和尺度自由，已经在社交网络中被发现。纽曼的评论明确承认了网络科学研究的跨学科性质以及社会科学家对其做出的主要贡献。一个悬而未决的问题是，网络科学的结果是否会在工程应用中被证明是有用的。这个问题的一个具体版本是，网络科学是否可以应用于基础设施网络的研究。特别有趣的是，将详细描述人类活动模式的社会网络模型与传统运筹学网络模型融合在一起，创造新一代的网络模型，以更好地理解社会和基础设施网络的相互作用。事实上，研讨会的主题将是社会网络和物理网络的融合。与这一总体主题相一致，研讨会将探讨如何最好地构建模型，将详细的社会网络与传统上用于研究物理基础设施的网络流模型结合起来。将考虑的主要有形基础设施将是运输，但也将寻求具有电信网络、金融网络和水资源网络背景的参与者。本次研讨会的广泛影响包括：1)吸引不同群体的研究人员（特别是社会科学家和物理基础设施工程师）参与共同科学相关领域的研究；2)发表的会议记录和完整的记录交流的车间录音；3)了解网络拓扑鲁棒性和暴露于攻击以及网络弹性和自组织之间联系的潜力。

Abstract: Workshop on the Emergence of the Field of Network Science and Its Application to the Study of InfrastructureIn the past five years a number of physicists, Internet theorists, social scientists and specialists in dynamic systems and complexity have made major strides in the development of a general theory of networks. This theory and its empirical foundation, which some have called network science, seeks to explain why networks appear and how they grow and evolve. A recent book by Albert-Laszlo Barabasi (2002) marks the coalescence and emergence of network science as a field of scientific inquiry. The agreement of other scholars with Barabasi's assertion that a new science of networks is emerging is documented in the recent comprehensive review of complex networks by M. E. J. Newman (2003). Some of the most important contributions to network science have been made by social scientists studying human activities expressed as so-called social networks. Many of the same general properties identified for physical networks, such as small worldness and scale freeness, have been discovered within social networks. The review by Newman explicitly recognizes the interdisciplinary nature of network science research and the major contributions to it made by social scientists.An unanswered question is whether the results of network science will prove useful in engineering applications. A specific version of this question is whether network science can be applied to the study of infrastructure networks. Especially interesting is the potential of fusing social network models which describe human activity patterns in great detail with traditional operations research network models to create a new generation of network models for better understanding the interaction of social and infrastructure networks. In fact the main theme of the workshop will be the fusion of social and physical networks. Consistent with this general theme, the workshop will explore how best to construct models that combine detailed social networks with network flow models traditionally used to study physical infrastructure. The dominant physical infrastructure to be considered will be transportation, although participants with backgrounds in telecommunication networks, financial networks and water resource networks will also be sought.The broad impacts of this workshop include 1) engaging diverse communities of researchers (specifically social scientists and physical infrastructure engineers) in areas linked by a common science; 2) published proceedings and complete audio-visual recording of the workshop documenting the exchange; and 3) the potential to understand the link between network topology robustness and exposure to attack as well as network resilience and self organization.