International Research Fellowship Program: The Impact of Facial Resemblance on Social Behavior and its Mediating Psychological Mechanisms

0401951DeBruine国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行三到二十四个月的研究。 该计划的奖项提供了联合研究的机会，以及使用独特或互补的设施，专业知识和国外的实验条件。该奖项将支持博士丽莎M。德布鲁因与大卫博士合作。研究表明，人们会信任长得像自己的面孔，并且在某些情况下会觉得这些面孔更有吸引力。这可能是对亲属关系线索的适应性反应，也可能是面部识别感知机制的副产品。这个项目的目的是测试这些替代解释，并建立面部相似性的反应是如何受到上下文线索（如激素水平）的影响。对面部相似性的反应正在使用新开发的计算机图形技术制作的面部图像来测试实验参与者。在月经周期的不同时间点评估女性对自我相似面孔的偏好，以测试处于生育期的女性是否对自我相似面孔有相对的厌恶，以避免近亲繁殖，以及这种厌恶是否特定于与配偶选择相关的年龄的异性面孔。孕妇和新妈妈们也接受了类似的评估，以测试她们是否更喜欢自我相似的面孔，这有助于裙带关系。人们还对准父亲进行了评估，以检验面部相似性的影响是否会受到其他亲子关系可能性线索的调节。这种上下文敏感性的演示将提供支持的自适应假设，并解决的具体性，面孔编码和亲属识别机制。

0401951DeBruineThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct three to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-one-month research fellowship by Dr. Lisa M. DeBruine to work with Dr. David I. Perrett at the University of St. Andrews in the United Kingdom.People have been shown to trust faces that look like them and to find these faces more attractive in some circumstances. This may be an adaptive response to a cue of kinship or a byproduct of perceptual mechanisms for face recognition. The aim of this project is to test these alternative explanations and to establish how responses to facial resemblance are affected by contextual cues, such as hormone levels. Responses to facial resemblance are being tested using face images made to resemble experimental participants using newly-developed computer-graphic techniques. Women's preferences for self-resembling faces are being assessed at different points in the menstrual cycle to test if women in the fertile stage have a relative aversion to self-resembling faces functioning to avoid inbreeding and if this aversion is specific to opposite-sex faces of an age relevant to mate choice. Pregnant women and new mothers are being similarly assessed to test if they have an increased preference for self-resembling faces functioning to facilitate nepotism. Expectant fathers are also being assessed to test if effects of facial resemblance are modulated by other cues of paternity probability. Demonstrations of such contextual sensitivities would provide support for the adaptive hypothesis and address the specificity of face encoding and kin recognition mechanisms.