The Impact of New Science and Engineering Graduates on Intrastate Labor Markets

各州面临的一个主要政策问题是国家对高等教育的支持程度。这场政策辩论中的一个关键问题是，一个州大学毕业生的产出是否对该州的大学成就水平产生成比例的影响。尽管人们普遍认为，大学学历的提高会导致经济的繁荣，但人们普遍担心，许多新大学毕业生会拿着国家支持的学位去其他州的劳动力市场。认为国家对高等教育的支持会补贴其他州的劳动力发展的观点，削弱了各州促进更广泛接受高等教育的动力。此外，还有一些暗示性的证据支持这一观点。然而，有令人信服的理由对这一观点和现有证据持怀疑态度。拟议的研究将探讨这些原因，并制定一个适当的框架来检查一个州的大学毕业生的生产对大学成绩的影响。出于几个原因，重点将放在科学和工程（S&amp；E）毕业生身上。本研究将使用该框架和适当的计量经济学方法，对来自国家教育统计中心的综合高等教育数据系统和劳工统计局的当前人口调查和职业就业统计调查的数据进行量化，以确定各州生产s&p；E毕业生对州劳动力市场的影响。更具体地说，本研究将评估一个州的新标准和工程专业毕业生对该州就业和标准和工程专业毕业生工资的影响。这些估计将含蓄地检验关于为熟练劳动力创造就业本质的其他观点。本研究还将探讨新标准普尔大学毕业生对非标准普尔大学劳动力市场的溢出效应。也就是说，本项目将评估标准与工程学位对劳动力市场上低技能工人和非标准与工程学位毕业生的工资和就业的互补效应。

A major policy issue confronting states is the level of state support to higher education. A crucial question in this policy debate is whether a state's production of college graduates has a proportionate effect on the level of college attainment in the state. Although it is widely accepted that rising college attainment leads to rising prosperity, there is widespread concern that many new college graduates will take their state-supported degrees to labor markets in other states. The belief that state support to higher education subsidizes the workforce development of other states undermines states' incentives to promote wider access to higher education. Moreover, there is some suggestive evidence to support this view. There are compelling reasons, however, to be skeptical of this view and the existing evidence. The proposed study will explore those reasons and develop an appropriate framework to examine the impact of a state's production of college graduates on college attainment in the state. For several reasons, the emphasis will be on science and engineering (S&E) graduates. This study will use this framework and appropriate econometric methods on data from the National Center for Education Statistics' Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System and the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey and Occupational Employment Statistics Survey to quantify the effects of states' production of S&E graduates on state' labor markets. To be more specific, this research will estimate the effects of new S&E graduates in a state on the state's employment and wages of S&E graduates. These estimates will implicitly test alternative views on the nature of job creation for skilled labor. This research will also explore the spillover benefits from new S&E graduates on non-S&E labor markets. That is, this project will estimate the complementary effects of S&E degrees on the wages and employment in labor markets for less-skilled workers and for non-S&E graduates.