ITR-(ECS)-(soc + int): Overcoming Barriers to Integrated Information System and Information Technology Adoption by Health Care Professionals: Diagnosis, Prescription and Prognosis

许多医疗保健组织面临的普遍困境是缺乏通过使用信息技术在临床过程之间进行整合。造成这一问题的主要因素之一是医疗保健专业人员抵制采用和集成使用信息系统和信息管理技术，如(CPOE)计算机化医嘱录入系统、(EMR)电子病历系统、电子处方(e-处方)技术系统、掌上电脑、平板电脑和个人数码笔。这样的信息技术可以帮助显著减少医疗差错，降低成本，同时提高医疗保健提供的质量。在美国，临床流程和信息技术(IT)的集成是提高医疗质量的当务之急。采用信息技术改善患者护理的好处似乎是显而易见的，但许多医疗保健专业人员仍然非常抵制。以前的研究表明，在商业环境中运行良好的技术采用模型无法解释医疗保健行业的技术采用过程和对技术采用的阻力。某些医疗保健专业(特别是内科医生和放射科医生)比其他专业人员更不愿意将信息技术用于临床目的，尽管这会带来潜在的经济和医疗质量好处，而且他们可能很容易出于个人原因使用信息技术。从两个新的角度(社交网络和说服和社会影响力)来处理这个问题，并将一个小型的深入案例研究与多个地点的大型调查相结合，将为这一悖论提供新的见解。研究人员将与医疗保健和IT专业人员合作，为临床环境中利用新信息技术交付的集成医疗信息系统的开发和实施制定实用指南。研究人员将为IT部署设计一套干预措施和指导方针，旨在改善医疗专业人员的参与，并最终提高所提供的护理质量。这些准则将被整合到一套最佳实践中，并将与医院、医疗保健信息技术系统的开发人员以及负责实施和评估此类系统的个人分享，以帮助提高医疗专业人员的参与度。

The general dilemma facing many healthcare organizations is a lack of integration between clinical processes through the use of information technology. One of the major contributing factors of the problem is the resistance of healthcare professionals towards the adoption and integrated use of information systems and information management technologies, such as (CPOE) computerized physician order entry systems, (EMR) electronic medical record systems, electronic prescription (e-prescribing) technology systems, Pocket PCs, Tablet PCs, and Personal Digital Pens. Such information technologies could help to significantly decrease medical errors and reduce costs while improving the quality of healthcare delivery. The integration of clinical processes and information technology (IT) is imperative in improving healthcare quality in America. The benefits of adopting information technology to improve patient care would seem to be obvious, and yet many healthcare professionals remain remarkably resistant. Previous research suggests that technology adoption models that work well in business environments do not explain the technology adoption process and the resistance to technology adoption in the healthcare industry. Certain healthcare specialties (in particular physicians and radiologists) are more resistant to information technology adoption for clinical purposes than others despite the potential economic and quality of care benefits and despite the fact that they may readily use information technology for personal reasons. Approaching the problem from two new perspectives (social networks and persuasion and social influence) and combining a small in-depth case study with a larger survey in multiple locations will provide new insights into this paradox.Researchers will be working with both healthcare and IT professionals to develop practical guidelines for the development and implementation of integrated medical information systems delivered with new information technology in clinical environments. The researchers will devise a set of interventions and guidelines for IT deployment designed to improve healthcare professionals' participation and ultimately the quality of care provided. These guidelines will be integrated into a set of Best Practices that will be shared with hospitals to help improve healthcare professionals' participation, with developers of healthcare information technology systems and with the individuals who would be responsible for the implementation and evaluation of such systems.