ITR - (EVS+ASE) - (int+sim): Rapid Evaluation of User Interfaces in Multitasking Environments

在过去的十年中，我们目睹了计算设备和界面从桌面到现实世界多任务环境的惊人增长。在这个项目中，PI将开发一个严格的计算体系结构，任务集成建模（TIM）体系结构，以及在复杂的多任务环境中评估用户界面的相关方法。TIM架构的核心是在多任务环境下将行为的认知模型与界面集成，使用“认知架构”来表示和模拟用户的认知和行为。基于这些模型，体系结构允许设计人员通过快速原型、任务演示、集成模型创建和计算模拟等阶段快速评估新接口。架构和系统本身背后的理论不仅将考虑人类多任务处理的各个方面，还将考虑个体差异，从而促进对一系列用户群体的健壮建模。作为该体系结构的测试领域，该项目将重点关注驾驶领域，特别是车辆中设备接口的使用以及对不同驾驶员群体（例如，年轻驾驶员与年长驾驶员）的研究。PI将对新的车载接口实施快速开发和评估系统，以尽量减少驾驶员对这些接口的潜在分心。此外，将创建共享的软件应用程序、工具包和认知模型的互联网库，供学术研究人员以及工业设计师和开发人员传播和使用。更广泛的影响：通过与学术研究人员和行业专家的合作，PI将严格解决驾驶员分心的问题（目前是美国撞车事故的主要原因），帮助探索分心的来源，并帮助制定严格的方法来提高我们的车辆和道路的安全性。所开发的计算基础设施不仅将推进我们对人类认知的理论理解，而且还将在现实世界的实际系统中实现这些理论。该项目将涉及不同的人群，直接包括研究工作和夏季研讨会中代表性不足的群体，间接探索个体差异如何影响界面使用和多任务处理。在当地，相关的教育计划将导致Drexel大学在人机交互，认知系统和桌面外计算方面的新课程，每年为大约40-50名HCI学生提供统一的HCI课程，甚至为整个计算机科学系和整个大学提供更多的HCI课程。PI还将为西费城的高中生发起一年一度的教育和实践HCI研讨会，重点关注这些社区中代表性不足的少数民族人口，希望激励和激励这些学生在与人与技术相关的领域继续接受教育和职业。

Over the past decade we have witnessed an astounding surge in computing devices and interfaces off the desktop and into the multi-tasking environments of the real world. In this project, the PI will develop a rigorous computational architecture, the Task-Integrated-Modeling (TIM) architecture, and an associated methodology for evaluating user interfaces in complex multitasking environments. The TIM architecture centers on integrating cognitive models of behavior with the interface in the context of the multitasking environment, using "cognitive architectures" to represent and simulate user cognition and behavior. Based on these models, the architecture allows a designer to rapidly evaluate new interfaces through stages of rapid prototyping, task demonstration, integrated model creation, and computational simulation. The theory behind the architecture and the system itself will account not only for various aspects of human multitasking but also of individual differences, facilitating robust modeling of a range of user populations. As a test domain for the architecture, the project will focus on the domain of driving, particularly the use of device interfaces in the vehicle and the study of different driver populations (e.g., younger vs. older drivers). The PI will implement a rapid development and evaluation system for new in-vehicle interfaces that attempts to minimize potential driver distraction from these interfaces. In addition, shared Internet libraries of software applications, toolkits, and cognitive models will be created, for dissemination to and use by academic researchers as well as industry designers and developers.Broader Impacts: Through collaborations with academic researchers and industry experts, the PI will rigorously address the problem of driver distraction (currently the leading cause of crashes in the United States), helping to explore the sources of distraction and helping to devise rigorous methods of improving the safety of our vehicles and roadways. The computational infrastructure developed will not only advance our theoretical understanding of human cognition, but also realize these theories in real-world practical systems. The project will involve diverse populations, directly by including under-represented groups in research work and summer workshops, and indirectly by exploring how individual differences may affect interface use and multi-tasking. Locally, the related education plan will result in new courses in human-computer interaction, cognitive systems, and off-the-desktop computing at Drexel University, providing a unified HCI curriculum for roughly 40-50 students per year in the HCI track and even more across the Computer Science Department and the University as a whole. The PI will also initiate an annual educational and hands-on HCI workshop for high-school students in West Philadelphia, focusing on the under-represented minority populations in these neighborhoods, in the hope of exciting and inspiring these students to pursue further education and careers in fields related to people and technology.