ITR: Collaborative Research: (ASE+NHS) - (int): BFT-LS: Byzantine Fault Tolerance for Large-Scale, High-Performance Distributed Storage Systems

标题：ITR：协作研究- (ASE+NHS) - (int): BFT-LS：大规模，高性能分布式存储系统的拜占庭容错对互联网上可用信息的依赖每天都在增加。与此同时，恶意攻击的数量也在增长。然而，可靠地存储在线信息是至关重要的：信息不能丢失，必须在需要时可以访问，并且用户看到的必须是实际存储的内容。这些要求必须在网络或存储节点受到恶意攻击的情况下得到满足。该项目研究了一种新的存储系统，BFT-LS（拜占庭容错-大规模），它满足了这些要求。BFT-LS旨在支持五个主要目标：(1)可靠性。BFT-LS提供了极其可靠的存储：存储的对象不会丢失，在需要时可用，并且不会损坏，尽管存在恶意攻击和拜占庭式故障，其中节点的行为非常糟糕。(2)自动重新配置。BFT-LS是一个动态系统，可以自动重新配置自身，从而通过减少对操作人员的依赖来提高可靠性。BFT-LS还允许添加节点来替换故障节点，并在负载增加时改善服务。(3)应用独立性。BFT-LS提供了一个灵活的接口，可以满足许多应用程序的需求，包括文件系统和数据库。(4)扩展语义。BFT-LS支持可以读写许多对象的原子事务。此外，只读事务可以在最近的过去运行，但保证看到一致的状态。(5)大规模高效接入。BFT-LS旨在在非常大的规模下高效运行：它必须存储大量的状态，这些状态可以由物理上位于世界各地的大量用户访问。它提供了一种基础设施，允许客户端访问附近缓存的数据，而不是与遥远的存储节点通信。然而，附近的节点是不可信的；相反，一种新的可靠流机制确保了数据的有效性。BFT-LS有望提供比早期工作更大的功能，同时也提供出色的性能。它的扩展功能不仅需要在许多领域创新的新解决方案，而且还使系统更加通用，因为它可以支持广泛的应用程序。

Title: ITR: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH - (ASE+NHS) - (int): BFT-LS: Byzantine Fault Tolerance for Large-Scale, High-Performance Distributed Storage SystemsReliance on information available over the Internet is increasing every day. At the same time, the number of malicious attacks is growing. Nevertheless, it is critical that online information be stored reliably: information must not be lost, must be accessible when needed, and what a user sees must be what is actually stored. These requirements must be satisfied in spite of malicious attacks on the network or the storage nodes. This project concerns research on a new storage system, BFT-LS (Byzantine Fault Tolerance - Large Scale), that satisfies these requirements. BFT-LS is designed to support five main goals: (1) Reliability. BFT-LS provides extremely reliable storage: stored objects are not lost, are available when needed, and are uncorrupted, in spite of malicious attacks and Byzantine failures in which a node behaves arbitrarily badly. (2) Automatic Reconfiguration. BFT-LS is a dynamic system that reconfigures itself automatically, thus enhancing reliability by reducing reliance on operators. BFT-LS also allows nodes to be added to replace failed nodes and to improve service under increasing load. (3) Application Independence. BFT-LS provides a flexible interface that meets the needs of many applications, including file systems and databases. (4) Extended Semantics. BFT-LS supports atomic transactions that can read and write many objects. In addition, read-only transactions can run in the recent past yet are guaranteed to see a consistent state. (5) Efficient access at large scale. BFT-LS is intended to run efficiently at very large scale: it must store a vast quantity of state that is accessed by huge numbers of users who are physically located all over the world. It provides an infrastructure that allows clients to us data cached nearby, rather than communicating with far-away storage nodes. Nearby nodes aren't trusted, however; instead a new reliable stream mechanism ensures data validity.BFT-LS is expected to provide greater functionality than earlier work while also providing outstanding performance. Its extended functionality not only requires innovative new solutions in many areas, but also makes the system more generally useful because it can support a wide range of applications.