ITR: Collaborative Research: Looking Ahead: Designing the Next Generation Cyber-infrastructure to Operate Interactive Ocean Observatories

该项目涉及对网络基础设施组成部分进行研究和试验，以便为海洋观测系统开发和形成新的信息技术方法。目标是开发和测试管理海洋观测站数据的方法以及促进海洋观测站运作的机制。这项工作的核心是利用实验性无线网络、光网络和网格技术启动一个连接墨西哥、美国和加拿大太平洋海岸外海底设施的海洋观测网格原型，即“海洋天文台知识集成网格实验室(Looking)”。Look框架提供了中间件，以促进和启用仪器和基础设施控制、数据生成和分布式存储、通过与海洋模拟进行比较的数据同化、综合数据融合和分析、可视化以及自发的用户协作。开发这一系统所需的努力包括三个部分：主要以OptIPuter和Roadnet项目提供的网络连接为基础的物理层；基于网络服务的岸边软件技术研究；各种工具的实施，包括基于海洋本体的语义搜索工具、实时数据流中的事件检测、OPeNDAP和SRB的整合以及数据可视化；以及侧重于仪器监测和控制以及数据流管理的海边研究。作为拟议工作的一部分，将开发火星和道路网数据系统的融合数据网格模型，将来自CODAR站点、船舶、有线天文台和地面浮标的数据整合到该系统中，并将实施各种用户服务。预期从这项活动中吸取的经验教训将为未来海洋观测站的网络基础设施系统的设计提供参考，例如猎户座项目设想的那些系统。如果成功，该项目可能会对计划中的猎户座海洋观测站项目的成功产生重大影响，因为它将开发可在猎户座上实施的数据管理和观测站控制办法，并为一系列海洋观测系统开发有效的用户界面。研究挑战包括开发适用于异类实时数据流的软件基础设施、非健壮网络中的监视和控制以及实时事件检测和表征。该项目涉及众多机构，并结合了计算机科学研究人员和海洋学家的努力。它利用或链接到许多现有的或资助的试点天文台、网络和数据系统项目，包括：SCCOOS、MARS、海王星-加拿大、Roadnet和OptIPuter。海洋观测系统的新方法涉及大型传感器阵列和许多移动的机器人平台，用于整个海洋盆地的研究和教育活动。在沿海、区域和全球环境中的创新的全海洋深度观测站可以极大地扩大人类在内部的远程存在，以及对相互关联的过程的基本理解，这些过程调节气候，创造能源和矿物沉积，影响碳循环，驱动重大危险，如地震、海啸和猛烈的风暴，并支持最近发现的以火山为宿主的微生物生物圈--这可能是其他星球上生命的类似物。

This project involves research and experimentation with cyberinfrastructure components in order to develop and prototype new approaches to information technology for ocean observing systems. The goal is to develop and test ways of managing data from ocean observatories as well as mechanisms for facilitating the operation of ocean observatories. A centerpiece of the work is the initiation of a prototype ocean observatory grid that links submarine facilities off the Pacific coasts of Mexico, the U.S. and Canada, the "Laboratory for an Ocean Observatory Knowledge INtegration Grid (LOOKING)," using experimental wireless networks, optical networks, and Grid technology. The LOOKING framework provides middleware to facilitate and enable instrument and infrastructure control, data generation and distributed storage, data assimilation through comparison with ocean simulations, integrative data fusion and analysis, visualization, and spontaneous user collaboration. The effort needed to develop this involves three parts: a physical layer based primarily on network connectivity provided by the OptIPuter and ROADNet projects; research on shore-side software technology based on web-service based implementations of a variety of tools including ocean ontology-based semantic search tools, event-detection in real-time data streams, the integration of OPeNDAP and SRB, and data visualization; and ocean-side research focused on instrument monitoring and control, as well as data-flow management. As part of the proposed work a converged data grid model for the MARS and ROADNet data systems will be developed, data from CODAR sites, ships, cabled observatories and surface buoys will be integrated into the system, and a variety of user services will be implemented. The expectation is that lessons learned from this activity will inform the design of cyberinfrastructure systems for future ocean observatories such as those envisaged within the ORION project. If successful, this project could have a significant impact on the success of the planned ORION ocean observatory project by developing data management and observatory control approaches that can be implemented in ORION and by developing effective user interfaces to a collection of ocean observing systems. Research challenges include developing a software infrastructure suitable for heterogeneous real-time data streams, monitoring and control in non-robust networks, and real-time event detection and characterization. This project involves numerous institutions and combines the efforts of computer science researchers and oceanographers. It leverages, or links to, a number of existing or funded pilot observatory, networking and data system projects including: SCCOOS, MARS, NEPTUNE-Canada, ROADNet, and OptIPuter. New approaches to ocean observing systems involve large arrays of sensors and many mobile, robotic platforms for research and educational activities throughout the ocean basins. Innovative full-ocean-depth observatories in coastal, regional, and global settings can vastly expand human tele-presence within, and the basic understanding of, interlinked processes that modulate climate, create energy and mineral deposits, influence the carbon cycle, drive major hazards, such as earthquakes, tsunami's and violent storms, and support the recently discovered volcanically hosted microbial biosphere-a potential analog for life on other planets.