SGER: Impact of Hurricane Charley on Residential and Commercial Construction

摘要随着美国普通住宅变得越来越大，它们的形状已经从简单屋顶的长方形盒子变成了不规则的平面形式，这就需要复杂的屋顶配置。这些较新建筑的性能受到飓风查理的严峻考验，这是12年来袭击佛罗里达州的第一个4级飓风。查利事件后的一项初步调查发现，在许多情况下，新房的屋顶损坏仅限于丢失的瓷砖或瓦片。因此，这种破坏提供了不规则结构在飓风作用下的风压分布及其强度的定性图。这些来自实际建筑的数据对于校准不规则结构的数值分析和实验分析是非常有价值的。本研究的目的是在无法挽回地丢失之前，系统地、快速地收集风灾数据。数据收集的重点将是(1)选定的不规则结构的屋顶，如所讨论的那样，缺少瓷砖或瓦片或瓦片，(2)露天结构，如加油站和车库--这些结构在1类风荷载下的失效(例如，由于飓风Charley和最近的飓风France横扫波尔克县)，表明规范规定可能存在缺陷，可能需要通过模型试验进行纠正，(3)失效商业建筑物的楼板，以确定它们是否如测试和分析所建议的那样帮助基脚支撑上拔荷载。来自失败结构的证据将导致更有效的设计、施工和翻新。收集到的信息将使未来能够校准计算模型和/或风洞测试，以确定不规则低层建筑的风压系数。重点将放在获得选定结构的高质量和完整数据上。

AbstractAs average American homes have become larger in size, their shapes have deviated from rectangular boxes with simple roofs to irregular plan forms necessitating complex roof configurations. The performance of these newer buildings was severely tested by Hurricane Charley, the first Category 4 hurricane to hit Florida in 12 years. A preliminary post-Charley survey found that roof damage in newer homes was in many instances limited to missing tiles or shingles. This damage therefore provides a qualitative map of the wind pressure distribution and its intensity in irregular structures under hurricane force winds. Such data from actual buildings is invaluable for calibrating numerical and experimental analyses of irregular structures.The aim of this study is to compile wind damage data systematically and expeditiously before it is irretrievably lost. The focus of the data collection will be (1) roofs of selected irregular structures with missing tiles or shingles as discussed, (2) open structures such as gas stations and carports - the failure of these structures under category 1 wind loads (e.g. due to Hurricane Charley and more recently Hurricane Frances as they traversed across Polk County) suggests possible deficiencies in code provisions that may require rectification through model testing and (3) floor slabs of failed commercial buildings to determine if they assisted footings in supporting uplift loads as suggested by testing and analysis. Evidence from failed structures will lead to more effective design, construction and retrofit. The information gathered will enable future calibration of computational models and/or wind tunnel testing for determining wind pressure coefficients in irregular, low-rise buildings. Emphasis will be placed on obtaining quality and complete data for the selected structures.