Selective Production of Large Water Soluble Organics from Biomass

建议题目：从生物质中选择生产大的水溶性有机物建议编号：CTS-0456693主要调查者：詹姆斯·A·杜梅西研究所：威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校分析(决策的基本原理)：这项研究的目标是从生物质中生产C7-C15的液体烷烃，作为柴油-混合动力电动和混合电动-均质充气压燃式发动机的优质燃料。因此，将开展研究开发新的工艺，通过在水相中用固体碱催化剂缩合生物质衍生的醛，并选择性地将生物质衍生的含氧烃转化为醛，从而使它们能够进行有效的羟醛缩合反应，从而从生物质中制备出大的水溶性有机化合物。从生物质中很容易产生含氧烃，如糠醛和羟甲基呋喃(HMF)，计划在固体碱催化剂上研究这些化合物与甘油醛、二羟基丙酮和丙酮等其他生物质衍生含氧烃的羟醛缩合反应。还建议研究如何将糠醛和HMF转化为化学中间体，这些中间体可以进行羟醛自缩合反应，生成C10和C12化合物。拟议工作的智力价值在于阐明了从可再生生物质资源中生产液态烷烃的反应途径和催化材料。这些研究将解决控制生物质衍生原料加工的催化活性、选择性和稳定性的基本问题。就更广泛的技术影响而言，这些研究的结果将提供一个基础，说明如何开发新的催化剂和催化工艺，以利用可再生生物质资源提供清洁燃烧的液态烷烃燃料。这些结果将为理解如何开发多相催化剂用于生物质衍生反应物的选择性脱水、加氢-脱氢和羟醛缩合反应，从而影响未来生物精炼的设计提供基础。因此，该项目将在生物精炼中多相催化的新兴领域教育和培训研究生、博士后和本科生。该项目的教育和推广工作将与NSF资助的威斯康星大学的MRSEC和NSEC项目在与纳米结构材料(多相催化剂是关键例子)相关的领域进行协调。

AbstractProposal Title: Selective Production of Large Water-soluble Organics from Biomass Proposal Number: CTS-0456693Principal Investigator: James A. DumesicInstitution: University of Wisconsin-MadisonAnalysis (rationale for decision):The goal of this research is to produce liquid alkanes ranging from C7-C15 from biomass as a premium fuel for diesel-hybrid electric and hybrid electric-homogeneous charge compression ignition engines. Therefore, research will be undertaken to develop new processes to prepare large, water-soluble organic compounds from biomass by condensing biomass-derived aldehydes with solid base catalysts in the aqueous phase and by selectively converting biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons to aldehydes so that they can undergo effective aldol condensation reactions. Oxygenated hydrocarbons such as furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are readily produced from biomass, and it is planned to study aldol condensation reactions of these compounds with other biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons such as glyceraldehyde, dihydroxyacetone and acetone over solid base catalysts. It is also proposed to study how furfural and HMF can be converted to chemical intermediates that can undergo aldol self-condensation reactions to form C10 and C12 compounds. The intellectual merit of the proposed work is the elucidation of reaction pathways and catalytic materials that will produce liquid alkanes from renewable biomass resources. These studies will address the fundamental issues that control catalytic activity, selectivity and stability for the processing of biomass-derived feedstocks. In terms of the broader technological impact, the results from these studies will provide a basis to address how new catalysts and catalytic processes can be developed to provide clean-burning liquid alkane fuels from renewable biomass resources. These results will provide a basis for understanding how heterogeneous catalysts can be developed for selective dehydration, hydrogenation-dehydrogenation, and aldol condensation reactions of biomass-derived reactants, thereby impacting the design of future biorefineries. This project will thus educate and train graduate students, postdoctoral students, and undergraduate students in the emerging area of heterogeneous catalysis in biorefining. The educational and outreach efforts of this project will be coordinated with NSF-funded MRSEC and NSEC programs at the University of Wisconsin in areas related to nano-structured materials (of which heterogeneous catalysts are key examples).