Parity Nonconservation in Ytterbium

摘要对于Yb宇称非守恒实验，许多基本物理都可以通过考虑相互作用所具有的基本对称性来理解。一种这样的对称性是镜面反射。镜面反射是否改变了相互作用，或者说，左手粒子和右手粒子是否以相同的方式相互作用？大多数基本的相互作用，如重力、电磁和原子核的强相互作用，在镜面反射下是相同的。这种对称性允许人们对可能发生的物理过程做出预测。然而，由于弱力，存在着一个基本的相互作用，这种力负责某些类型的核辐射衰变，这对左手粒子和右手粒子是不同的。它是唯一不具有镜像反射对称性的力，这一事实使人们能够将它与其他更强的相互作用区分开来。我们的工作集中在利用高精度激光光谱技术来研究原子的镜面反射对称性。这一理解将使我们能够了解原子核内部以及由于弱相互作用而在原子核和原子电子之间的基本过程。这一改进的知识将对我们对自然界的基本组成部分的理解进行严格的测试，并有助于澄清我们对核物理和粒子物理学的理解。

Abstract for Ytterbium Parity Nonconservation Experiment Much of fundamental physics can be understood through considering underlying symmetries that interactions possess. One such symmetry is that of mirror reflection. Does a mirror reflection change the interaction, or, equivalently, do left-handed and right-handed particles interact in the same way? Most fundamental interactions, such as gravity, electromagnetic, and nuclear strong interactions, are the same under mirror reflection. This symmetry allows one to make predictions on what kind of physics processes are possible. However, there is a fundamental interaction due to the weak force, the force responsible for certain kinds of nuclear radioactive decay, which is not the same for left-handed and right-handed particles. The fact that it is the only force that does not possess mirror-reflection symmetry allows one to distinguish it from other, stronger interactions. Our work is focused on using high-precision laser spectroscopy techniques to study mirror-reflection symmetry of atoms. This understanding will allow us to learn about the fundamental processes inside the nucleus and between the nucleus and atomic electrons due to the weak interaction. This improved knowledge will provide a stringent test of our understanding of the fundamental building blocks of nature and help to clarify our understanding of nuclear and particle physics.