International Research Fellowship Program: Ocean Variability & Fish Population Response Beyond El Nino from Laminated Sediments of the Peruvian Margin Spanning the Last Millenn

[502387]国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行三到二十四个月的研究。该计划的奖励为联合研究提供了机会，并利用独特或互补的设施、专业知识和国外的实验条件。该奖项将支持David B. Field博士与秘鲁卡亚奥del Mar del Peru研究所的Dimitri Gutierrez博士和加州大学圣克鲁斯分校的Christina Ravel博士开展为期22个月的研究。热带太平洋是全球气候系统的关键组成部分，具有深远的社会影响。研究厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）时间尺度以外的海洋变化需要古气候记录。由于不同的变率模式具有独特的水平和垂直模式，因此可以通过浮游和底栖有孔虫重建水柱垂直结构的变化，以及通过比较不同地点之间的记录来确定变化的机制。来自秘鲁陆架地区的层状沉积物非常适合测试有关热带东部太平洋（ETP）和中间水循环在年代际到百年尺度变化中的作用、生态系统对这种海洋变化的反应以及人为活动的影响的假设。该提案概述了一项国际努力，即开发古海洋学时间序列，解决秘鲁近海层状沉积物在过去1000年里的十年尺度变化。这项工作将在秘鲁卡亚俄的秘鲁海洋研究所（IMARPE）进行，与迪米特里·古铁雷斯博士以及来自秘鲁、智利、法国和墨西哥的其他科学家直接合作。在加州大学圣克鲁斯分校的一段时间内，pi将调查东热带太平洋高频气候变化的来源。描述气候变率的自然模态对于了解气候和生态系统过程、探测人为影响以及确定和预测未来的变化和风险至关重要。本研究的时间序列将对ETP在改变ENSO、十年至百年气候变率和20世纪变暖方面的作用起到重要的约束作用。了解变化的机制对评估与未来自然和/或人为变化相关的潜在环境和生态风险和不确定性具有政策意义。

0502387FieldThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct three to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-two-month research fellowship by Dr. David B. Field to work with Dr. Dimitri Gutierrez at Instituto del Mar del Peru in Callao, Peru, and Dr. Christina Ravel at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The tropical Pacific is a key component in the global climate system and has far reaching societal impacts. Paleoclimate records are needed to examine ocean variability beyond the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) timescale. Since different modes of variability have unique horizontal and vertical patterns, determining the mechanisms of change is possible through reconstructing changes in the vertical structure of the water column with planktonic and benthic foraminifera, as well as through comparison of records between different locations. Laminated sediments from the Peruvian shelf region are ideally suited to test hypotheses concerning the role of the eastern tropical Pacific (ETP) and intermediate water circulation in decadal- to-centennial-scale variability, the ecosystem response to such ocean variability, and the effects of anthropogenic activity. This proposal outlines an international effort to develop paleoceanographic time series resolving decadal-scale changes over the last 1,000 years from laminated sediments off Peru. This effort will take place at IMARPE (Instituto del Mar del Peru) in Callao, Peru in direct collaboration with Dr. Dimitri Gutierrez and other scientists from Peru, Chile, France, and Mexico. In the period of time spent at the University of California, Santa Cruz, the PIs will investigate the sources of high frequency climate variability in the Eastern tropical Pacific. Characterizing the natural modes of climate variability is essential to understanding climate and ecosystem processes, detecting anthropogenic influences, and identifying and predicting future changes and risks. The time series of this research will serve as important constraints on the role of the ETP in modifying ENSO, decadal-to-centennial climate variability, and 20th century warming. Understanding the mechanisms of change has policy implications for assessing the potential environmental and ecological risks and uncertainties associated with future natural and/or anthropogenic change.