CSR--PDOS: Semantic Failure Analysis and Management

威斯康星州SAFE项目正在开发核心技术，以分析和构建更可靠的存储系统。 在分析存储系统的故障处理机制时，存在两个相互冲突的目标：彻底性和效率。 SAFE项目通过使用系统的“灰盒”知识注入故障来实现这两个目标，以便有选择地行使其故障处理机制。 通过应用这种技术，SAFE项目可以评估当前存储技术的健壮性水平，包括商业文件系统和分布式存储系统。 在构建更可靠的存储系统时，进一步的目标是确保改进可以在实践中部署。 因此，本项目中采用的一种方法是在文件系统和它管理的磁盘之间透明地插入故障处理层;通过这种方式，可以在没有开发人员或磁盘制造商合作的情况下部署故障恢复存储系统。这些故障分析和故障处理技术的总和是新一代更强大、更可靠的存储系统。更广泛的意义：存储系统在每个人的“数字”生活中正变得越来越重要。因此，提高文件存储的鲁棒性，确保有价值的数据不丢失或更改的技术至关重要。 几乎所有的计算领域，从标准PC上的家庭用户到高端Web服务（如Google），都使用标准文件系统作为其主要的数据存储库;提高标准文件系统的鲁棒性也会提高所有这些系统。

The Wisconsin SAFE project is developing the core technology to both analyze and construct more reliable storage systems. When analyzing the fault-handling machinery of storage systems, there are two conflicting goals: thoroughness and efficiency. The SAFE project accomplishes both goals by injecting faults using "gray box" knowledge of the systems in order to selectively exercise their fault-handling machinery. By applying this technique, the SAFE project can assess the level of robustness in current storage technology, including commercial file systems and distributed storage systems. When constructing more reliable storage systems, a further goal is to ensure that the improvements can be deployed in practice. Thus, one approach taken in this project is to transparently insert a failure-handling layer between the file system and the disk it manages; in this way, fault-resilient storage systems can be deployed without cooperation from either developers or disk manufacturers. The sum of these techniques for failure-analysis and failure-handling is a new generation of more robust and reliable storage systems.Broader significance: Storage systems are becoming increasingly central to everyone's "digital" lives. Hence, techniques that improve the robustness of file storage, ensuring that valuable data is not lost or altered, are of paramount importance. Virtually all domains of computing, from home users on standard PCs to high-end web services such as Google, use standard file systems as their main repository of data; improving the robustness of standard file systems improves all of these systems as well.