SGER: Pervious/Impervious Pavement Comparative Site Base Study

抽象的不透水表面，如人行道和屋顶，在发达国家中越来越多。已经确定，这些表面对环境有许多负面影响。这些影响包括径流造成的非点源污染和城市热岛效应的增加。透水混凝土是一种替代的铺路表面，可以缓解许多此类环境问题，特别是与侵蚀和雨水径流对土壤和接收水的影响有关的问题。透水混凝土在道路、停车场和其他铺装区域的使用潜力很大，但如果不对这种材料及其对人类、建筑和自然环境的影响进行更多的基础研究，这种潜力就无法实现。这项研究需要促进这一实践的设计和应用。目前正在对透水混凝土的材料环境方面进行有限的实验室研究，并有许多现场可用。现在有机会与南卡罗来纳州的一个大型军事设施合作，在一个部分是透水混凝土和部分不透水路面的停车场现场进行比较实地研究。这个拟议的网站是独一无二的，因为它代表了一个并排的比较，特别是为了允许一个更受控制的实地研究环境。这项研究建议包括对这两类表面的物理、化学、人类动力、水文和生态特征及其影响进行基线比较评估。美国陆军主动设计了该设施，考虑到了这种比较研究的潜力，以极大的降低成本为南卡罗来纳大学和其他研究人员提供了一个巨大的潜在研究机会。重要的是在施工期间和第一年对场地进行初步评估，以便在未来获得更有意义的研究成果和机会。对于标准的混凝土材料性能试验(传统上是从放置之日起在设定的时间进行)以及现有的土壤和邻近条件，初始条件尤其重要。这项研究的困难与时间限制有关，使研究小组在施工后很难迅速动员起来，以充分利用这一机会。进行这项基线研究的学术价值包括为进一步对透水混凝土的特性及其生态影响进行科学研究提供机会。这项研究具有很高的实际意义，透水混凝土的潜在应用对施工实践及其对环境的影响很大。更广泛的影响还包括在南卡罗来纳大学的这项研究中继续使用本科生和研究生，以及与该设施的其他研究人员一起进行这项研究。已经在行业内和通过专业设计界建立了一个传播研究成果的网络，除了通过研究和设计出版物等其他方法外，还扩展到国家一级。陆军也有兴趣展示这个地点多年来作为短期和长期影响的研究地点。这些比较的结果将被用于可持续的设计决策，无论是在这个场地和可能在世界各地的其他设施的未来扩张计划中。

Abstract Impervious surfaces, such as pavements and rooftops, are an ever-increasing part of the developed world. It has been established that these surfaces have many environmentally negative impacts. These impacts include nonpoint source pollution from runoff and an increase in the urban heat island effect. Pervious concrete is an alternative paving surface that may alleviate many of these environmental concerns, particularly those associated with erosion and the effects of stormwater runoff on soils and receiving waters. There is a widespread potential for the use of pervious concrete in roadways, parking lots and other paved areas, but this potential cannot be realized without more fundamental research into the material and its effect on the human, built and natural environment. This research is needed to facilitate the design and application of this practice. Limited laboratory research is being performed on the material environmental aspects of pervious concrete, and a number of field sites are available. An opportunity has arisen to perform comparative field research on a parking lot site that is partially pervious concrete and partially impervious pavement in collaboration with a large military installation in South Carolina. This proposed site is unique in that it represents a side-by-side comparison, specifically laid out to allow for a more controlled field research setting. This research proposal covers a baseline comparative assessment of physical, chemical, human dynamic, hydrologic and ecological characteristics and impacts of these two types of surfaces. The U.S. Army has taken the initiative to design the facility with this potential for comparative research in mind, giving the University of South Carolina and other researchers a great potential research opportunity at a greatly reduced cost. It is important to get an initial assessment of the site during construction and during the first year in order for more meaningful research results and opportunities in the future. The initial conditions are particularly important with respect to the standard concrete material property tests (traditionally performed at set times from the date of placement) and existing soil and neighboring conditions. This difficulty in this research is associated with the time constraints making it difficult for the research team to be able to rapidly mobilize once construction is underway in order to fully take advantage of this opportunity. The intellectual merit of performing this baseline study includes providing for an opportunity for further scientific studies into the characteristics of pervious concrete and its ecological impacts. This research has very high practical implications, with the potential application of pervious concrete having a large impact on construction practices and their effect on the environment. Broader impacts also include the continued use of undergraduate and graduate students in this research at the University of South Carolina and with other researchers at the facility. A network for dissemination of research results has already been established within the industry and through the professional design community, and extends to the national level, in addition to other methods such as in research and design publications. The Army is also interested in showcasing this site over the years as a study site for both short-term and long-term impacts. The results from these comparisons will be used in sustainable design decisions both for the planned future expansions at this site and at other facilities potentially through out the world.