Collaborative Research: The Response of Lakes to Disturbance and Climate Change: Calibrating Sedimentary Records to Test the Landscape Position Concept

摘要景观扰动和气候变化对湖泊的影响与湖泊与地下水的接触成正比，有时会导致邻近湖泊的响应不同。该项目开发了重建过去湖泊水化学和食物网的方法。地表沉积物样品中的生物和化学沉积物将与62个现代湖泊的水进行比较。通过将沉积物岩心与北温带湖泊长期生态研究（NTL-LTER）站点24年的观测结果进行比较，将对结果之间的关系进行检验。然后，这些方法将用于重建几个湖泊150年的历史，为NTL-LTER的长期观测增加视角，并验证这样一种预测，即在当地景观中地势较高的湖泊比受地下水影响更大的地势较低的湖泊受到19世纪伐木的更严重和更持久的影响。这项研究还将通过确定过去1万年中湖泊水位较低的时期，帮助了解湖泊对持续数十年至数百年的严重干旱的反应。了解湖泊对气候变化和扰动响应的变率对于预测特定湖泊对未来土地利用和气候变化的响应至关重要。该项目将汇集威斯康星大学（湖沼学、植物学中心、气候研究中心、nll - lter和威斯康星大学lacrosse）几个强大项目的专业知识，以及明尼苏达大学湖沼学研究中心和LacCORE国家湖泊核心储库以及美国地质调查局水、能源和生物地球化学预算（WEBB）项目。该项目收集的岩心将被保存在LacCORE，供未来的研究人员使用，从而在LTER网络、古生态和古气候群落以及美国地质勘探局的地下水科学家之间建立重要的新联系。两名研究生和至少10名本科生将参与该项目，该项目将为湖泊探险家项目做出贡献，该项目是由NTL-LTER和威斯康星大学生物教育中心协调的中学生跨学科教育体验，是校园LTER计划的一部分。

AbstractLandscape disturbance and climate change affect lakes in proportion to their contact with ground water, sometimes resulting in different responses in neighboring lakes. This project develops methods for reconstructing past water chemistry and food webs of lakes. The biological and chemical deposits in surface sediment samples will be compared with the water in 62 modern lakes. The resulting relationships will be tested by comparing sediment cores with 24 years of observations from the North Temperate Lakes Long Term Ecological Research (NTL-LTER) site. The methods will then be used to reconstruct 150 years of history for several lakes, adding perspective to the long-term observations of the NTL-LTER and testing the prediction that lakes high in the local landscape had more severe and longer-lasting effects of 19th century logging than low lakes that are more influenced by groundwater. This research will also help to understand the response of lakes to severe droughts that last decades to centuries by identifying periods of low lake levels during the last 10,000 years. Understanding the variability of the responses of lakes to climate change and disturbance is essential to predicting the responses of particular lakes to future changes in land use and climate. This project will bring together expertise from several strong programs at the University of Wisconsin (the Center for Limnology, Botany, the Center for Climatic Research, NTL-LTER, and UW-LaCrosse), with the Limnological Research Center and LacCORE National Lacustrine Core Repository at the University of Minnesota and the United States Geologic Survey Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) project. Cores collected in this project will be archived at LacCORE and made available to future researchers, forging important new links between the LTER network, the paleoecology and paleoclimate communities, and groundwater scientists at the USGS. Two graduate students and at least 10 undergraduates will participate, and the project will contribute to the Limnology Explorers program, an interdisciplinary educational experience for middle school students coordinated by the NTL-LTER and the UW Center for Biology Education as part of the SchoolYard LTER initiative.