Collaborative Research: The Response of Lakes to Disturbance and Climate Change: Calibrating Sedimentary Records to Test the Landscape Position Concept

摘要景观干扰和气候变化对湖泊的影响与其与地下水的接触成正比，有时会导致邻近湖泊的不同反应。该项目开发了重建湖泊过去水化学和食物网的方法。表层沉积物样品中的生物和化学沉积物将与62个现代湖泊的水进行比较。由此产生的关系将通过比较沉积物芯24年的观察从北温带湖泊长期生态研究（NTL-LTER）网站进行测试。然后，将使用这些方法重建几个湖泊150年的历史，增加NTL-LTER长期观测的视角，并测试预测，即在当地景观中较高的湖泊比受地下水影响更大的低湖泊对19世纪世纪伐木的影响更严重，更持久。这项研究还将通过确定过去1万年来湖泊水位低的时期，帮助了解湖泊对持续数十年至数百年的严重干旱的反应。了解湖泊对气候变化和干扰的响应的可变性对于预测特定湖泊对未来土地利用和气候变化的响应至关重要。该项目将汇集来自威斯康星州大学（湖沼学、植物学中心、气候研究中心、NTL-LTER和UW-LaCrosse）几个强大项目的专业知识，以及明尼苏达大学湖沼学研究中心和LacCORE国家湖泊核心库和美国地质调查局水、能源和生物地球化学预算（WEBB）项目。在这个项目中收集的岩心将在LacCORE存档，并提供给未来的研究人员，在LTER网络，古生态学和古气候社区以及USGS的地下水科学家之间建立重要的新联系。两名研究生和至少10名本科生将参加，该项目将有助于湖沼学探险家计划，由NTL-LTER和UW生物教育中心协调的中学生跨学科教育体验作为校园LTER计划的一部分。

AbstractLandscape disturbance and climate change affect lakes in proportion to their contact with ground water, sometimes resulting in different responses in neighboring lakes. This project develops methods for reconstructing past water chemistry and food webs of lakes. The biological and chemical deposits in surface sediment samples will be compared with the water in 62 modern lakes. The resulting relationships will be tested by comparing sediment cores with 24 years of observations from the North Temperate Lakes Long Term Ecological Research (NTL-LTER) site. The methods will then be used to reconstruct 150 years of history for several lakes, adding perspective to the long-term observations of the NTL-LTER and testing the prediction that lakes high in the local landscape had more severe and longer-lasting effects of 19th century logging than low lakes that are more influenced by groundwater. This research will also help to understand the response of lakes to severe droughts that last decades to centuries by identifying periods of low lake levels during the last 10,000 years. Understanding the variability of the responses of lakes to climate change and disturbance is essential to predicting the responses of particular lakes to future changes in land use and climate. This project will bring together expertise from several strong programs at the University of Wisconsin (the Center for Limnology, Botany, the Center for Climatic Research, NTL-LTER, and UW-LaCrosse), with the Limnological Research Center and LacCORE National Lacustrine Core Repository at the University of Minnesota and the United States Geologic Survey Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) project. Cores collected in this project will be archived at LacCORE and made available to future researchers, forging important new links between the LTER network, the paleoecology and paleoclimate communities, and groundwater scientists at the USGS. Two graduate students and at least 10 undergraduates will participate, and the project will contribute to the Limnology Explorers program, an interdisciplinary educational experience for middle school students coordinated by the NTL-LTER and the UW Center for Biology Education as part of the SchoolYard LTER initiative.