PIRE: Developing International Protocols for Offshore Sediments and their Role in Geohazards: Characterization, Assessment, and Mitigation

国际研究与教育伙伴关系（PIRE）项目使美国院校能够与国际同行建立合作关系，开展任何一方都无法独立完成的研究。有了这个奖，私家侦探唐·德格鲁特和合伙人私家侦探。来自马萨诸塞大学、加州大学戴维斯分校、塔夫茨大学、瓦萨学院和东北大学的研究人员将与奥斯陆挪威岩土技术研究所的法洛克·纳迪姆和珀斯西澳大利亚大学的马克·伦道夫合作，开展一个评估和减轻近海地质灾害的研究和教育项目。他们的研究重点是海上岩土工程、地球物理和地质特征；危险触发机制；减灾和备灾计划；以及关于近海危害评估和减轻的国际议定书。研究结果将提高我们对过去地质灾害发生原因的认识，以及对地质灾害可能造成灾难性影响的地区未来可能发生地质灾害的认识。如果取得成功，这些努力可能产生更广泛的影响，影响政府和民众如何看待所涉及的风险以及减轻全球地质灾害事件损害所需的措施。美国、挪威和澳大利亚的联合合作有八个研究主题：1)海底沉积物取样和样品质量；2)全流贯深仪在海上实践中的应用；3)孔隙压力原位测量；4)海底形态演化与地球物理特征；5)沉积物性质空间变异性及数据可视化（GIS）；6)地震活动性及触发机制；7)救灾、备灾和减灾；8)评估和减轻地质灾害的国际议定书。与会者预期近海灾害评估领域的进展将对应对诸如山体滑坡引起的海啸和对近海石油钻探的影响等事件产生实际影响。教育部分利用三国参与机构共享的智力和物质资源，并以创新的方式利用技术。这种信息技术工具的使用将利用所有合作伙伴的资源，并采用五种不同的机制：以电子方式提供的跨机构课程、研讨会的国际网络直播、国际本科生研究机会、合作工作经验，以及通过项目特定网站开展的外展活动。此外，美国学生参与者将受益于指导和计划中的跨文化团队经验，从而在评估和减轻海上灾害方面获得跨学科专业专家网络的早期职业介绍。

The Partnership for International Research and Education (PIRE) program enables U.S. institutions to establish collaborative relationships with international counterparts and conduct research that neither partner could accomplish independently. With this award, P.I. Don DeGroot and Co-P.I.s from the University of Massachusetts, University of California-Davis, Tufts University, Vassar College, and Northeastern University will cooperate with Farrokh Nadim at the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, in Oslo, and Mark Randolph at the University of Western Australia, in Perth, to carryout a program of research and education for assessment and mitigation of offshore geohazards. Their research focuses on offshore geotechnical, geophysical, and geological characterization; hazard triggering mechanisms; hazard mitigation and preparedness schemes; and international protocols for offshore hazard assessment and mitigation. Results should improve our understanding of the causes of past events and the potential for future events in regions where geohazard effects can be catastrophic. If successful, these efforts have the potential broader impact of influencing how governments and populations view the risks involved and the measures needed to mitigate damage from global geohazard events.The combined U.S.-Norwegian-Australian collaborative effort has eight research themes: 1) seabed sediment sampling and sample quality; 2) implementation of full flow penetrometers in offshore practice; 3) in-situ measurement of pore pressure; 4) evolution of seafloor morphology and geophysical characterization; 5) spatial variability of sediment properties and data visualization (GIS); 6) seismicity and triggering mechanisms; 7) disaster response, preparedness, and mitigation; and 8) international protocols for geohazard assessment and mitigation. Participants anticipate advances in the field of offshore hazard assessment with practical implications for coping with events such as landslide-generated tsunamis and effects on offshore oil drilling. The education component draws on the shared intellectual and physical resources of the participating institutions in three countries and utilizes technology in innovative ways. This use of IT tools will leverage resources from all partners and employ five different mechanisms: cross-institutional courses delivered electronically, international web casts for seminars, international undergraduate research opportunities, cooperative work experiences, and outreach activities via a program specific website. Additionally, U.S. student participants will benefit from mentoring and planned cross-cultural team experiences, thereby gaining early career introductions to an interdisciplinary professional network of experts in assessment and mitigation of offshore hazards.