A Critical Evaluation of Hypotheses for Fluid Overpressure Along the San Andreas Fault, California: Implications for the Stress-Heat Flow Paradox

流体在地震孕育机制中起着重要作用。随着地下流体压力的增加，引发地震所需的应力也会降低。最近沿着圣安德烈亚斯断层的研究表明了一个根本的悖论，根据理论，沿着断层的视应力不足以引发地震。一种可能的解决方案是，流体压力足够高，以至于存在的低应力仍然足以引发地震。这项拟议的工作将模拟几个来源和机制，以发展和维持圣安德烈亚斯断裂区的高流体压力。这项研究提供的数量约束将有助于更彻底地了解可能与加州和世界其他地方的地震有关的因素。

Fluids play an important role in the mechanics of earthquake generation. As the pressure of subterranean fluids increase, the stress required to trigger an earthquake decreases. Recent work along the San Andreas Fault indicates a fundamental paradox in that the apparent stress along the fault is insufficient, according to theory, to generate earthquakes. One possible solution is that the fluid pressures are sufficiently high that the low stress that is present is still sufficient to trigger earthquakes. The proposed work will model several sources and mechanisms for developing and maintaining elevated fluid pressures in the San Andreas Fault region. The quantitative constraints provided by this research will aid in a more thorough understanding of factors which may relate to earthquakes in California and elsewhere in the world.