Fluidaustritte an Schlammvulkanen und Cold Seeps sowie Fluidzirkulation des Don-Kuban Tiefseefächers (Kertsch Halbinsel, Krim, Schwarzes Meer)

黑海是世界上最大的缺氧盆地，为保存有机物提供了理想的条件。细菌或热裂解对有机物的分解在黑海沉积物中产生了大量的甲烷气体。因此，黑海是研究海洋环境中气体排放和甲烷循环以及可能与气候变化相互作用的天然实验室。随着关于天然气水合物开采或利用天然气水合物储层进行二氧化碳封存的讨论不断进行，对大陆边缘沉积物中流体和甲烷循环的深入了解变得非常必要。黑海中大量不同类型的流体排气系统（包括浅水和深水）使其成为中型研究船（如RV Poseidon）调查的理想目标。我们建议在刻赤半岛（克里米亚，黑海）的黑海北部边缘地区进行创新的地球声学和3d地震调查，以表征近地表和深层流体循环。刻赤半岛南部的边缘是东库班深海扇的一部分，其特征是大量的生物甲烷气体排放，而半岛本身以存在几座泥火山而闻名。泥火山被认为来自5-8公里深的Maikop地层，因为它们排出热成因的甲烷。东库班扇的挤压作用与索罗金海槽相似，而与古第聂伯扇不同。预计浅层甲烷排放和泥火山在上斜坡重叠，形成不同于索罗金槽和第聂伯河斜坡的流体排放系统。我们结合测深、侧扫声纳和3d地震调查的目的是对不同的流体排出系统进行成像，并推断这些聚焦流体流动系统的功能。该研究将限制该流体流动系统的几何、物理和岩性参数，并验证一些假设，例如生物成因和热成因的天然气水合物矿床之间没有区别，地层控制比构造控制对水合物的聚集更重要。

The Black Sea is the largest anoxic basin worldwide and offers ideal conditions for the preservation of organic matter. Decomposition of the organic matter by bacteria or thermal cracking produces large amounts of methane gas within the Black Sea sediments. The Black Sea consequently constitutes a natural laboratory for the study of gas emissions and methane cycling in the marine environment as well as possible interactions with climate changes. With ongoing discussions about gas hydrate exploitation or the use of gas hydrate reservoirs for CO2 sequestration, a good understanding of fluid and methane circulation within continental margin sediments becomes a necessity. The large number of different types of fluid-venting systems in the Black Sea (both in shallow and in deep water) makes it an ideal target for investigations with mid-size research vessels such as RV Poseidon. We propose innovative geoacoustic and 3D-seismic investigations of the northern Black Sea margin in the area of the Kerch peninsula (Crimea, Black Sea) for the characterisation of near-surface and deep fluid circulation. The margin south of Kerch peninsula is part of the Don-Kuban deep-sea fan and is characterised by numerous emissions of biogenic methane gas, while the peninsula itself is known for the presence of several mud volcanoes. The mud volcanoes are believed to be sourced from the 5-8 km deep Maikop formation as they expel methane of thermogenic origin. The Don-Kuban fan is under compression similar to the Sorokin Trough and unlike the Palaeo-Dnepr fan. It is expected that shallow methane emissions and mud volcanoes overlap on the upper slope and form a fluid-emission system that is different from both the Sorokin Trough and the Dnepr slope. The aim of our combined bathymetry, sidescan sonar and 3D-seismic investigations is to image the different fluidexpulsion systems and deduce the functioning of these focused fluid flow systems. The study will constrain the geometrical, physical and lithological parameters of this fluid flow system and test a number of hypotheses, e.g. that there is no difference between biogenic and thermogenic gas hydrate deposits, and that stratigraphic control is more important than structural control for the accumulation of hydrates.