Mesosphere-Thermosphere Science from Microwave Observations

通过微波光谱测量以及该区域的光化学和动力学模拟，研究了45-120公里大气区域的组成和光化学。在Kitt Peak AZ微波设备上测量了痕量化学物种，包括NO、HCN、N2O、CO和O_3(0，0，0)，(1，0，0)，(0，1，0)，以及主要物种O2。新的测量与1992年以来收集的数据相结合，以调查中大气对太阳通量和磁暴强迫的反应，以及在季节性输送机制范围内行星波输送的相对重要性。目前的光化学模型可以调整以适应平流层上层的O3、OH和HO2数据，或者在中间层这样做，但在这两个区域不是自我一致的，这一事实被这一新的努力所协调，在每个区域使用现实的输送参数。对地面臭氧和三个不同振动状态的首次同时测量量化了这些状态的非局域热力学平衡，从而改进了对臭氧卫星红外测量结果的解释。预计这一大气区域中痕量物种的反应将非常灵敏地监测长期的化学变化，无论这些变化是由自然或人为力量驱动的。

Composition and photochemistry in the atmospheric region between 45 km and 120 km is studied by microwave spectroscopy measurements and by photochemical and dynamical modeling of the region. The trace chemical species are measured at the Kitt Peak AZ microwave facility, and include NO, HCN, N2O, CO, and O3 (0,0,0), (1,0,0), (0,1,0), (0,0,1), along with the major species O2. New measurements are combined with data gathered since 1992 to investigate middle-atmosphere response to solar flux and magnetic storm forcing, as well as the relative importance of planetary wave transport in the context of seasonal transport mechanisms. The fact that current photochemical models can be adjusted to fit O3, OH, and HO2 data in the upper stratosphere, or to do so in the mesosphere, but not self-consistently in both regions, is reconciled by this new effort using realistic transport parameterizations in each region. The first simultaneous measurements of ozone in the ground and three distinct vibrational states quantifies the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium in those states, permitting improved interpretation of satellite infrared measurements of ozone. The response of trace species in this atmospheric region is expected to provide a very sensitive monitor of secular chemical change, be those driven by either natural or anthropogenic forces.