SGER: Factors Associated with Compliance to Katrina Mandatory Hurricane Evacuation Orders in Seven Coastal Louisiana Parishes

在卡特里娜飓风登陆前的一段时间里，包括新奥尔良在内的七个路易斯安那州沿海教区发布了全部或部分疏散令。尽管发布了飓风警报和疏散命令，但仍有数千人留在受灾地区。在卡特里娜飓风之后，对留在新奥尔良地区的大量人口缺乏足够的援助，这加剧了灾难的范围。本项目将探讨路易斯安那州东南部在飓风登陆前遵守飓风强制疏散令的地理、心理和社会因素。了解危险情况下疏散的符合性和不符合性对风险管理至关重要。数据将通过采访在卡特里娜飓风登陆前曾经或现在居住在强制疏散令下的地区的个人来收集。撤离的人和拒绝撤离命令的人都将被纳入研究。新奥尔良大学（UNO）调查研究中心进行了一项调查，该调查由路易斯安那州东南部飓风特别工作组在卡特里娜飓风前六周发布，调查了其中一些相同的问题，并提供了基准，用于检查与卡特里娜飓风之前自我报告意图相关的实际行为。了解地理、社会和其他因素阐明了与飓风灾害管理相关的人类动机和障碍。这种理解可以帮助公共当局和处理紧急情况管理的机构设计更有效的飓风防备和疏散沟通方案。这项研究的结果也可能适用于其他危害，如洪水、森林火灾和化学品泄漏。

ABSTRACTIn the period preceding landfall of Hurricane Katrina, evacuation orders were made for all or parts of seven coastal Louisiana parishes, including New Orleans. In spite of hurricane warnings and evacuation mandates, thousands of individuals remained in the affected area. In the aftermath of Katrina, the lack of sufficient aid for the large number of people remaining in the New Orleans area contributed to the scope of the disaster. This project will explore the geographical, psychological, and social factors related to compliance with mandatory hurricane evacuation orders in southeastern Louisiana prior to hurricane landfall. Understanding of compliance and noncompliance regarding evacuation under a hazard situation is critical to risk management. Data will be collected through interviews with individuals who previously or currently reside in areas placed under mandatory evacuation orders prior to Katrina's landfall. Both those who evacuated and those who rejected an evacuation mandate will be included in the study. A survey conducted by the University of New Orleans (UNO) Survey Research Center that was released by the Southeast Louisiana Hurricane Task Force six weeks prior to Katrina explored some of these same questions and offers benchmark from which to examine actual behavior in relation to self reports of intentions prior to Katrina.Understanding the geographical, social, and other factors illuminates human motivations and barriers germane to management of hurricane hazards. Such understanding can help public authorities and agencies dealing with emergency management to design more effective hurricane preparedness and evacuation communication programs. Results from this study also may be applicable to other hazards such as floods, forest fires, and chemical spills.