Predicting the Heliosphere

提议者计划完成一个太阳风加速和太阳高能粒子（sep）在不同日球层环境下加速的模型。最终，PI首先寻求对太阳向日球层开放的磁场（开放磁通量）的行为进行定量描述，然后，在此基础上，对粒子的加热和加速进行定量描述。这是当今日球层物理学的关键问题之一。在其他任务中，PI打算开发扩散磁场和日冕环中的随机加速模型（为了解释在小型太阳耀斑中高能粒子组成中观察到的某些系统增强）。此外，他还将模拟安静时期太阳风中高能粒子的随机加速，以便应用于其他环境（如太阳日冕）。PI还计划开发一个太阳日冕高能粒子起源的模型，这些高能粒子在大型SEP事件中作为日冕物质抛射（CME）驱动的冲击进一步加速的种子粒子。最后，他打算扩展高能粒子在日球层顶终止激波处的加速理论，以确定它是否适用于日球层内的其他激波。

The proposer plans to complete a model for the acceleration of the solar wind and the acceleration of solar energetic particles (SEPs) in various heliospheric settings. Ultimately, the PI seeks to first provide a quantitative description of the behavior of the magnetic field of the Sun that opens into the heliosphere (open magnetic flux") and then, based on this, develop a quantitative description of the heating and acceleration of particles. This is one of the key problems in heliospheric physics today.Among other tasks, the PI intends to develop models for stochastic acceleration in a diffusing magnetic field and in coronal loops (in order to explain the certain systematic enhancements observed in the composition of energetic particles in small solar flares). In addition, he will model the stochastic acceleration of energetic particles in the quiet-time solar wind, for application to other settings (such as the solar corona). The PI also plans to develop a model for the origin of the energetic particles in the solar corona that serve as seed particles for further acceleration by Coronal Mass Ejection (CME)-driven shocks in large SEP events. Finally, he intends to extend the theory of energetic particle acceleration at the heliopause termination shock, to determine whether it is applicable to other shocks in the heliosphere.