Nuclear Structure of Exotic Nuclei

这项拟议的研究计划的主要目标是提供所需的证据，以发展改进的理论，这些理论将在从稳定到稳定的整个核环境中具有强大的预测能力。这项研究将利用主要的新放射性束流设施，即美国在Argonne的ATLAS-Cariu设施和加拿大的TRIUMF/ISAC2设施，以探索远离稳定的未探测核区域中的异常核结构现象。此外，还将研究异构态，如长寿的“K”异构体，它们具有异常简单的壳层构型，为平均场和剩余相互作用提供了理想的试验场，并有助于阐明K量子数在核结构中的作用。ATLAS的研究将利用罗切斯特重离子探测器CHICO，以及美国首屈一指的高分辨率伽马射线设备Gammasphere。罗切斯特/LLNL班比诺重离子探测器系统将与ISAC2的新的TIGRESS高分辨率跟踪伽马射线设施一起使用。奇科和班比诺的重要发展，以及对伽马斯层、格雷塔和库仑激发、重离子诱导转移和裂变碎片光谱技术的贡献，是罗切斯特多年来努力的顶峰。将开发新一代重离子探测器SuperCHICO，以实现与下一代高分辨率伽马射线跟踪探测器系统GRETA和TIGRESS的最终分辨率。这样的探测器系统将提供比目前可用的分辨率高出几个数量级的分辨率，使目前核科学无法获得的研究成为可能。除了对核科学产生巨大影响外，这种伽马射线跟踪和成像探测器的潜在影响将对包括天体物理、医学、工业和核保障在内的广泛应用产生相当大的影响。拟议的研究和探测器开发计划是研究生和博士后教育的理想环境。

The primary goal of this proposed research program is to provide the evidence needed to develop improved theories that will have strong predictive power throughout the nuclear landscape from stable to the limits of stability. The research will exploit the premier new radioactive beam facilities, namely the US ATLAS-CARIBU facility at Argonne, and the Canadian TRIUMF/ISAC2 facility in order to probe unusual nuclear structure phenomena in unexplored regions of nuclei far from stability. In addition, studies will be made of exotic isomeric states, such as long lived "K" isomers, that have unusually simple shell configurations which provide an ideal testing ground of mean fields and residual interactions as well as for elucidating the role of the K quantum number in nuclear structure. The research at ATLAS will exploit the Rochester heavy-ion detector CHICO, plus Gammasphere, this nation's premier high-resolution gamma-ray facility. The Rochester/LLNL Bambino heavy-ion detector system will be used with the new TIGRESS high-resolution tracking gamma-ray facility at ISAC2. The important developments of CHICO and Bambino, as well as contributions to Gammasphere, GRETA, and the techniques of Coulomb excitation, heavy-ion induced transfer, and fission-fragment spectroscopy, are the culmination of many years of effort at Rochester. A new generation heavy-ion detector, SuperCHICO will be developed in order to achieve the ultimate resolution with the next generation high-resolution gamma-ray tracking detector systems GRETA and TIGRESS. Such detector systems will provide a resolving power that is orders of magnitude better than currently available, enabling studies that at present are inaccessible to nuclear science. Besides having an enormous impact on nuclear science, the potential impact of such gamma-ray tracking and imaging detectors will be considerable to a wide range of applications, including astrophysics, medicine, industry, and nuclear safeguards. The proposed research and detector development programs are an ideal environment for graduate and post-doctoral education.