Precision Electromagnetic Studies of the Structure of Nuclei and

在理解原子核结构中，迫切需要解决的问题是关联的作用、动力学相对论效应、原子核中核子结构的改变以及夸克自由度的出现。位于洛杉矶的加州州立大学（CSLA）的中间能量小组提出了一项使用电磁探针来研究这些问题的研究。在费米能附近的壳层的重核中，理论计算表明需要存在长程关联。然而，在轻质量核中，短程核子-核子关联更为重要。实验工作将在托马斯·杰斐逊国家加速器设施（TJNAF）进行，将包括与A厅和C厅合作安排或批准的实验。CSLA小组将集中大部分精力领导一个预定的实验（E06-007），测量长距离相关性和相对论对先导区核态结构的影响。它还将致力于通过监督分配给该实验的博士和硕士学生的实验数据分析来成功完成实验。它在这个高电流运行中的铅靶经验将有助于它继续为另一个高强度铅实验开发靶，即确定核中子半径CSLA小组将领导一个批准的实验，以确定在高动量和能量转移下氦的质子敲除反应中的响应函数。该实验将提供基准数据，用于比较当前和新的核结构模型，包括相对论结构。从这种测量中获得的信息也将解决核介质对核子结构可能产生的影响的问题。对极大的丢失动量进行的这种测量也可能揭示核结构中夸克自由度的开始CSLA小组将参与实验，以确定质子到大动量转移的电磁结构，并明确测量双光子对e-p相互作用的贡献。该小组在前一个夏季在杰斐逊实验室驻扎了一名本科生，以协助组装热量计。来自CSLA的研究生将协助实验的安装、执行和分析。作为杰斐逊实验室合作的成员，该小组还将参与其感兴趣的其他选择核子和核实验。该小组在高亮度低温靶的设计、建造、调试和评估方面发挥了主导作用。CSLA小组将继续特别重视让学生参与其实验研究计划，包括研究生、本科生和选定的高中学生和教师。这一努力与他们领导的涉及当地少数民族学生人数众多的高中的外联方案相协调。过去，学生和教师一直卓有成效地从事适当的数据分析、撰写硕士论文和蒙特卡罗模拟，CSLA的学生也成为已发表研究的共同作者。他们将继续积极参与这里提出的新实验，包括提交MS论文。

Pressing questions in the understanding of nuclear structure are the role of correlations, dynamical relativistic effects, modifications of nucleon structure in the nucleus and the onset of explicit quark degrees of freedom. The intermediate energy group at California State University, Los Angeles (CSLA) proposes a study of these questions using the electromagnetic probe. In heavy nuclei for shells near the Fermi energy theoretical calculations indicate the need for the presence of long-range correlations. However, in light mass nuclei short range nucleon-nucleon correlations are more important. The experimental work will be carried out at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF) and will consist of experiments scheduled or approved in conjunction with the Hall A and Hall C collaboration.The CSLA group will focus most of its efforts on leading a scheduled experiment (E06-007) on the measurement of long-range correlations and the effect of relativity on the structure of nuclear states in the lead region. It will also commit to the successful completion of the experiment by supervising the experimental data analysis by the PhD and MS student(s) assigned to this experiment. Its experience with the lead target in this high current run will assist it in its continuing target development for another high intensity lead experiment, namely the determination of a nuclear neutron radius The CSLA group will lead an approved experiment to determine the response function in proton knockout reactions from helium at high momentum and energy transfer. This experiment would provide benchmark data against which current and new models of nuclear structure including relativistic structure can be compared. Information from this measurement will also address the question of possible nuclear medium effects on the nucleon's structure. This measurement carried out to extremely large missing momentum may also reveal the onset of quark degrees of freedom in nuclear structureThe CSLA group will participate in experiments to determine the electromagnetic structure of the proton to a large momentum transfer and explicitly measure two-photon contributions to the e-p interaction. The group stationed an undergraduate student during previous summers at Jefferson Lab in the previous grant period to assist in the assembly of the calorimeter. Graduate students from CSLA will assist in the installation, execution and analysis of the experiment.As members of Jefferson Lab collaborations the group will also be involved in other select nucleon and nuclear experiments in which it has a strong interest. The group has played a leading role in the design, construction, commissioning and evaluation of high luminosity cryogenic targets.The CSLA group will continue to place special emphasis on involving students in its experimental research program, including graduate, undergraduates and selected high school students and teachers in a meaningful way. This effort is coordinated with outreach programs they are leading involving local area high schools that have large populations of minority students. Students and teachers have been fruitfully engaged in appropriate data analysis, writing of a MS thesis and Monte Carlo simulations in the past, and CSLA students have appeared as co-authors on published research. They will continue to be significantly involved in the new experiments being proposed here, including submission of MS. theses.