PostDoctoral Research Fellowship

提案#0706750 PI：GABRIELA VALDIVIAThis社会，行为和经济科学少数民族博士后研究奖学金支持民粹主义改革政策对玻利维亚当地资源使用实践的影响研究。该项目的重点是土地革命-一项旨在消除社会和经济不平等的农业发展提案-对圣克鲁斯低地省土地和森林资源管理的影响。该项目解决两个问题：（1）革命如何影响圣克鲁斯具有不同社会生态信仰和做法的用户对土地和森林资源的管理？(2)改革进程将如何改变地方资源使用做法和关系？目标是研究资源管理的物质和象征性方面如何随着人员的地理分布（内生驱动因素）和外部行为体和过程（外生驱动因素）而变化。考虑正在进行的民粹主义改革的当地动态是一种创新方法，在发展中国家的政策制定中相对未被探讨，但具有重要的更广泛的影响。首先，在圣克鲁斯的不确定性时期，研究当地的资源利用动态提供了急需的机会，以经验评估民粹主义改革能够（或不能）成功实现其社会和经济目标的条件下，以可持续的方式。鉴于拉丁美洲出现了新的民粹主义政权，以及过去几十年该地区民粹主义政策的社会经济结果好坏参半，这一点具有重要价值。第二，更深入地了解地方知识结构和关系如何在变革时期影响资源决策，有助于在高生物多样性价值、社会不平等、与这些独特但互补的赞助商进行培训将拓宽申请人的研究技能，并促进开展这项工作所需的专业知识和基础设施research.由于这一项目而与玻利维亚机构和研究人员进行的合作和交流也将提高申请者制定办法的能力，这些办法将人类-环境研究中的理论和实际问题联系起来。最后，该研究还将通过强调定性和定量方法的整合（特别是通过使用基于代理的建模）来推进申请人的方法和概念专业知识，以便为发展政策的制定提供新颖而重要的方法。

Proposal # 0706750PI: GABRIELA VALDIVIAThis Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences Minority PostDoctoral Research Fellowship supports research on the effects of populist reform policies on local resource use practices in Bolivia. The project focuses on the effects of the Agrarian Revolution, an agricultural development proposal to undo social and economic inequalities, on the management of land and forest resources in the lowlands department of Santa Cruz. The project addresses two questions: (1) How does the Revolution shape the management of land and forest resources among users with distinct socioecological beliefs and practices in Santa Cruz? (2) How will local resource use practices and relationships change as a result of the process of reform? The goal is to examine how material and symbolic aspects of resource management change as a function of both geographical imaginaries of people in place (endogenous drivers) and external actors and processes (exogenous drivers). Consideration of the local dynamics of populist reforms as these are in progress is an innovative approach that has been relatively unexplored in policy development in the developing world, but has significant broader implications. First, examining the local dynamics of resource use in times of uncertainty in Santa Cruz offers the much needed opportunity to empirically assess the conditions under which populist reforms can (or cannot) successfully achieve their social and economic goals, in a sustainable manner. This is of great value given the emergence of new populist regimes in Latin America and the mixed socioeconomic outcomes of populist policies in the region over the last few decades. Second, a deeper understanding of how local knowledge structures and relationships shape resource decisionmaking in times of change contributes to building more effective future policy interventions in the sustainable governance of areas of high biodiversity value, social inequality, and political instability.Training with these distinct yet complementary sponsors will broaden the applicant's research skills and facilitate expertise and infrastructure needed to conduct this research. Collaboration and exchanges with Bolivian institutions and researchers as a result of this project will also enhance the applicant's ability to develop approaches that bridge theoretical and practical concerns in human-environment research. Finally, the research will also advance the applicant's methodological and conceptual expertise by emphasizing integration of qualitative and quantitative approaches (specifically, through the use of agent-based modeling), in order to offer novel and significant approaches to the production of development policy.