Collaborative Research: Diffusion of Emerging Energy Technologies Within a State Context

国家背景下新兴能源技术的扩散本跨学科研究考察了新兴能源技术扩散和部署过程中相互关联的、国家层面的社会政治影响，这些技术有可能为减缓气候变化和能源安全的能源系统转型做出贡献。本研究采用案例研究的方法，重点关注两种截然不同的新兴能源技术：风能和碳捕集与封存（CCS）；两者都有很大的潜力来改变能源技术的格局，并大幅减少二氧化碳的排放。该项目对风力发电技术的扩散历史进行回顾性分析，以确定和分析影响未来风力和CCS扩散的因素之间的相互作用。通过在六个地理和政治上不同的州（MA， MN， TX， MT， NM和NY）检查这两种技术，该项目将识别和评估国家能源技术系统的社会政治层面与利益相关者对技术风险和收益的看法之间的关系。该分析将描述影响技术扩散的社会政治因素的相互作用，为这些和其他新兴能源技术的潜在国家层面的障碍和机会提供多样化和有价值的见解。本研究的目标是：1)确定在国家层面上对能源技术决策的主要社会政治影响；(2)借鉴风能技术在各州的扩散历史，找出对各州大规模风能和CCS的发展和未来部署至关重要的变量；(3)比较和对比不同国家社会政治因素的相对重要性和相互作用；(4)表征有可能影响能源技术部署的许多社会政治变量之间复杂的相互作用；(5)整合技术扩散、状态差异和风险感知等相关概念，为转型管理理论做出贡献；(6)促进与能源技术部署相关的政策话语，以及政策如何促进社会应对气候变化。该项目战略性地整合了几个传统上独立的研究领域：技术扩散和部署；能源与环境政策分析；状态比较分析与状态差异识别；以及公众对风险（和收益）的认知。这种整合将有助于可持续性转型管理新兴文献的理论发展，以及通过提供经验证据来支持有关国家层面的社会政治影响转向更可持续技术的新理论，从而促进这些领域的理论发展。该项目对六个地理和政治上不同的国家的比较分析特别有价值和独特。这项研究将提供可能加速我们能源技术基础设施转型的见解。这种加速既可以减少气候变化的威胁，又可以提高未来的能源安全。除了加深对国家层面对技术扩散的影响的理解外，我们的研究结果还将使能源专业人士、国家规划者、政策分析师、非营利组织和企业能够制定更有效的战略，让公众参与与风能和CCS技术以及其他新兴能源技术部署相关的能源政策的形成和实施。传统上分离的研究领域的独特和战略性整合将加强和鼓励未来的跨学科研究机会。本研究对这三所大学的本科生和研究生也有重要的教育影响，这三所大学的三位pi教授和指导学生的研究。

Diffusion of Emerging Energy Technologies within a State Context This cross-disciplinary research examines the interconnected, state-level, socio-political influences on diffusion and deployment of emerging energy technologies with potential to contribute to an energy system transformation for climate change mitigation and energy security. Using a case study approach this research focuses on two very different emerging energy technologies, wind power and carbon capture and storage (CCS); both have large potential to change the energy technology landscape and to dramatically reduce CO2 emissions. The project uses a retrospective analysis of the diffusion history of wind power technology to ground identification and analysis of the interplay of factors that will influence future diffusion of wind and CCS. By examining these two technologies in six geographically and politically diverse states (MA, MN, TX, MT, NM, and NY), the project will identify and evaluate relationships between the socio-political dimension of state energy technology systems and stakeholder perceptions of risks and benefits of the technologies. The analysis will characterize the interplay of socio-political factors influencing technology diffusion to provide diverse and valuable insights about potential state-level barriers and opportunities for these and other emerging energy technologies. The objectives of this research are to: 1) identify the dominant socio-political influences on energy technology decisions at the state-level; (2) learn from the state-specific diffusion history of wind technology to identify variables important for development and future deployment of large-scale wind and CCS in different states; (3) compare and contrast the relative importance and the interactions of socio-political factors across different states; (4) characterize the complex interactions among the many socio-political variables that have potential to influence energy technology deployment; (5) contribute to transition management theory by integrating relevant concepts drawn from literature in technology diffusion, state-difference, and risk perception; (6) contribute to the policy discourse related to energy technology deployment and how policy can facilitate a societal response to climate change. This project strategically integrates several traditionally separate areas of research: technology diffusion and deployment; analysis of energy and environmental policy; comparative analysis of states and identification of state difference; and public perceptions of risks (and benefits). This integration will contribute to theoretical development of the emerging literature on transition management for sustainability, as well as to theory development in each of these areas by providing empirical evidence to support new theory about state-level socio-political influences on shifting to more sustainable technologies. The project''s comparative analysis of six geographically and politically diverse states is particularly valuable and unique. This research will provide insights that may accelerate the transition of our energy technology infrastructure. Such acceleration could both reduce the threats of climate change and increase future energy security. In addition to increasing understanding of state-level influence on technology diffusion, our results will enable energy professionals, state planners, policy analysts, non-profits, and businesses to develop more effective strategies for involving the public in energy policy formation and implementation related to deployment of wind energy and CCS technologies, as well as other emerging energy technologies. The unique and strategic integration of traditionally separate areas of research will enhance and encourage future opportunities for cross-disciplinary research. This research also has an important educational impact among undergraduate and graduate students at the three universities where the three PIs teach and advise student research.