Transport Theory of Cosmic Rays with application to the acceleration of charged particles at interplanetary shock waves

这一提议的主要目的是将输运理论应用于扩散激波加速。特别是将涵盖星际冲击，例如由于太阳风中的日冕物质抛射而形成的日冕物质抛射引起的CME驱动的冲击。由此可以描述太阳宇宙射线或SEP(太阳高能粒子)事件的能谱。扩散激波加速的过程可以理解为：带电粒子在激波阵面上来回散射时获得能量。一方面，这种能量增益取决于激波的特征参数，这是通过激波模型来研究的。例如，阿拉巴马州亨茨维尔大学开发的冲击模型逼真地描述了CME驱动的冲击。因此，将这些激波模型与输运理论相结合，并计算带电粒子的最大能量，将是这一提议的目的。另一方面，能量增益取决于扩散系数的形式。此外，这项提议的目的将是发展输运理论，以更真实地描述天体物理等离子体中的粒子输运。特别地，因此将研究其中磁背景场由随机磁场叠加的磁化等离子体。在这样的等离子体中，粒子的输运可以假设为扩散的，并用扩散系数来表征。此外，在该提案中还将开发激波模型。通过比较激波模拟和真实激波，可以确定描述扩散激波加速度所必需的激波参数。

The main aim of this proposal is the application of transport theories onto diffusive shock acceleration. Especially interplanetary shocks will be covered, e.g. CME – driven shocks, which build up owing to coronal mass ejections in the solar wind. Therewith it is possible to describe the energy spectrum of solar cosmic rays or SEP (Solar Energetic Particle) – Events. The process of diffusive shock acceleration can be understood as follows: Charged Particles gain energy while they are scattered back and forth across a shock front. On the one hand, this energy gain depends upon the parameters that characterize the shock, which is studied by shock models. The shock models developed at the University of Huntsville, Alabama, describe for instance CME – driven shocks realistically. Therefore it will be the aim of this proposal to combine these shock models with the transport theories and to calculate the maximum energy of the charged particles. On the other hand, the energy gain depends on the form of the diffusion coefficients. Furthermore, it will be the aim of this proposal to develop transport theories to describe the particle transport in astrophysical plasmas more realistically. Particularly, therefore magnetized plasmas will be investigated in which a magnetic background field is superposed by stochastic magnetic fields. In such plasmas the particle transport can be assumed as diffusive and is characterized by diffusion coefficients. Furthermore, shock models will be developed in this proposal. By comparing shock simulations with real shocks the shock parameters will be determined, which are necessary to describe diffusive shock acceleration.