Earthquake Damage Detection in Buildings and Early Warning Based on Wave Travel Times

摘要0800399本项目的目的是开发一种新的方法，用于远程结构健康监测，是强大的，当应用到实际结构和大振幅响应，并校准使用的数据从全尺寸结构。 该项目的重点将是建筑物。该方法是基于检测通过结构传播的地震波的传播时间的变化，该结构已经由记录的振动响应的去卷积所创建的虚拟源辐射。 将利用已被地震损坏或可能被地震损坏的全尺寸建筑物的地震记录来校准这一方法。 此外，这种方法的有效性一般条件监测将进行探讨。 这种基于波的方法的主要优点是它可以用相对较少的传感器来定位损伤，并且它对土-结构相互作用的影响和其他结构边界条件的变化不敏感。这种有效的方法可以与真实的结构和现场数据一起使用，这将极大地促进地震后应急响应和恢复过程中的决策。并将有助于减少地震造成的人员伤亡和经济损失。 例如，及时决定疏散不安全的建筑物将减少因余震摇晃而可能倒塌的薄弱结构造成的生命损失和伤害的风险。 该方法，与一般的结构状态监测的能力，将是一个有用的工具，在管理老化的基础设施。这一项目的结果将在技术刊物上广泛宣传和报道，以传播信息。 该项目还将通过培训一名攻读博士学位的研究生，加强国家的教育基础设施。论文

Abstract 0800399The objective of this project is to develop a novel methodology for remote structural health monitoring that is robust when applied to actual structures and large amplitude response, and is calibrated using data from full-scale structures. The focus of this project will be on buildings. The methodology is based on detecting changes in travel time of seismic waves propagating through the structure, that have been radiated by a virtual source created by de-convolution of recorded vibration response. The methodology will be calibrated using earthquake records from full-scale buildings that have been damaged or could have been damaged by an earthquake. Further, the effectiveness of this methodology for general condition monitoring will be explored. The major advantages of this wave-based method are that it can localize the damage with relatively small number of sensors, and that it is not sensitive to the effects of soil-structure interaction and changes in other structural boundary conditions.The availability of a validated methodology that works with real structures and field data will greatly facilitate the decision making during emergency response and recovery following an earthquake, and will help reduce loss of life, injuries and monetary losses caused by earthquakes. For example, a timely decision to evacuate an unsafe building will reduce the risk of loss of life and injuries caused by potential collapse of the weakened structure by its shaking from the aftershocks. The methodology, with capability for general condition monitoring of structures, will be a useful tool in managing the aging infrastructure. The results of this project will be broadly publicized and reported in technical journals for information dissemination. The project will also enhance the educational infrastructure of the nation by training a graduate student working on her/his Ph.D. thesis.