Joint Quantum Institute: Processing Quantum Coherence

该奖项授予联合量子研究所（JQI），为控制和使用量子相干和纠缠（第二次量子革命的基础）方面的高风险、投机性实验和理论活动提供支持。信息论与量子力学的结合创造了量子信息科学（QIS）的新领域，它有可能彻底改变信息的处理和存储方式。量子相干性和量子纠缠对所有量子物理系统都是普遍的，就像信息的处理与信息的物理体现是独立的一样。未来在传播量子相干性、制备复杂量子纠缠态和管理退相干方面的成功可能取决于各种物理平台之间量子相干性的相互转换，例如：固态光子源、单个离子、光学晶格中的超冷原子气体和超导器件。JQI的物理前沿中心（PFC）将通过三个主要活动促进原子、分子和光学（AMO）和凝聚态物质（CM）系统的整合，以研究量子信息系统：(1)与冷原子相关的拓扑物质将在冷原子和分子系统中创建和研究拓扑和其他新形式的量子相关物质。利用单粒子特性探针和量子纠缠测量，这项活动将提供对真实或人工凝聚态系统中奇异相的出现和动力学的洞察。(2) AMO/CM界面的超级电路将汇集AMO和CM的技术和观点来处理“超级电路”：超导电路和原子气体超流体的机械电路。AMO/CM耦合和AMO/CM类比的结合将为超电路和超流体提供新的见解，并为量子信息开发新的工具。(3)半导体和原子量子光学将研究在物质和光之间转移相干性和产生纠缠的方法，以及在半导体和原子系统中产生复杂的多体纠缠的方法。QIS的出现推动了CM和AMO物理学的融合。通过PFC支持的研究生和博士后助理将在该接口进行培训。在高中阶段，PFC将制定一项计划，以丰富乔治王子县（PG）高中的物理和数学教学，包括为多达6名PG县公立学校教师提供带薪暑期研究实习机会。教师将与PFC项目的科学家一起工作，并每周与JQI的研究员会面，讨论他们的暑期经历、当前的科学话题以及他们在课堂上遇到的问题。PFC将有一个信息丰富、教育和话题性的网站，一个活跃的系列研讨会，一个JQI旅行讲师计划，以及一年一度的开放日。PFC将支持、维护和扩展UMD的物理讲座演示，并开发新的渠道向科学界和非技术界传播研究成果。

This award to the Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) provides support to enable high-risk, speculative experimental and theoretical activity in the control and use of quantum coherence and entanglement - the basis of a second quantum revolution. The combination of Information Theory with Quantum Mechanics has created the new field of Quantum Information Science (QIS), which has the potential to revolutionize how information is processed and stored. Quantum coherence and quantum entanglement are universal to all quantum physical systems, in much the same sense that the processing of information is independent of the information's physical embodiment. Future success in propagating quantum coherence, preparing complex quantum entangled states, and managing decoherence will likely hinge upon the interconversion of quantum coherence among various physical platforms, for example: solid-state photon sources, individual ions, ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices, and superconducting devices.The Physics Frontiers Center (PFC) at JQI will facilitate the integration of Atomic, Molecular and Optical (AMO) and Condensed Matter (CM) systems for the study of QIS through three major activities: (1) Correlated and Topological Matter with Cold Atoms will create and investigate topological and other novel forms of quantum-correlated matter in cold atomic and molecular systems. Using probes of single-particle properties and measures of quantum entanglement, this activity will provide insight into the emergence and dynamics of exotic phases in real or artificial condensed-matter systems. (2) Supercircuits at the AMO/CM Interface will bring together AMO and CM techniques and perspectives to treat "supercircuits": superconducting electrical circuits and mechanical circuits of atomic gas superfluids. A combination of AMO/CM couplings and AMO/CM analogies will provide new insights into supercircuits and superfluidity as well as develop new tools for quantum information. (3) Quantum Optics with Semiconductors and Atoms will investigate methods to transfer coherence and create entanglement between matter and light and to produce complex many-body entanglement in semiconductors and atomic systems.The emergence of QIS has propelled a convergence of CM and AMO physics. Graduate students and post-doctoral associates supported through the PFC will be trained at that interface. A the high school level, the PFC will institute a program to enrich the teaching of physics and mathematics in Prince George's County (PG) high schools, including offering paid summer research internships to as many as six PG County Public School teachers. The teachers will work alongside scientists in PFC projects and will meet weekly with JQI fellows to discuss their summer experiences, current science topics, and issues they confront in their classrooms. The PFC will have an informative, educational, and topical web site, an active seminar series, a program of JQI travelling lecturers, and an annual open house. The PFC will support, maintain, and expand the Physics Lecture Demonstrations at UMD, and develop new channels to disseminate findings to both the scientific and non-technical communities.