CAREER: Internet Measurement in the Cat's Cradle of Global Internet Censorship

互联网将塑造21世纪的历史。世界各国政府都意识到了这一点，这就是为什么在开放网络倡议研究的40个国家中，互联网审查从2002年的40个国家中的3个增加到2007年的40个国家中的26个。美国必须为此制定有效的政策，但本质上的计算问题导致了很大的不确定性。我们正在研究现代互联网审查实施的动态，以了解它们的低级别机制(例如，在单个互联网数据包级别)如何影响网络用户实际经历的应用程序级别的审查行为。互联网审查实施本质上是计算性的，因此用户是否可以获得内容取决于路由和协议动态等关键问题。目前对审查制度的描述是不完整的，没有建立在定量测量的基础上，并引用了不能重现的实验。我们正在通过为互联网审查研究奠定坚实的计算基础来解决这个问题。这项工作的核心是对现有审查实施的互联网测量，以了解和比较它们在数据包和应用程序级别的动态。这将影响解决互联网审查问题的政策制定和未来计算机网络的设计，互联网审查是一个直接损害美国利益的关键问题，因为它阻碍了人权组织和美国政府机构传播信息的能力。了解互联网审查和计算问题之间的联系也将有助于将这项研究纳入整个联合国大学和其他机构的计算机科学课程。

The Internet will shape the history of the 21st century. Governments around the world realize this, which is why, out of 40 countries studied by the Open Net Initiative, Internet censorship increased from 3 of 40 in 2002 to 26 of 40 in 2007. The U.S. must set effective policy regarding this, but the inherently computational issues lead to a great deal of uncertainty. We are studying the dynamics of modern Internet censorship implementations to understand how their low-level mechanisms (for example, at the level of individual Internet packets) affects the application-level behavior of censorship that web users actually experience.Internet censorship implementations are inherently computational, thus whether or not content is available to a user can depend on key issues such as routing and protocol dynamics. Current characterizations of censorship are incomplete, not founded on quantitative measurements, and cite experiments that cannot be reproduced. We are addressing this by laying a solid computational foundation for Internet censorship research. Central to this effort is Internet measurement of existing censorship implementations to understand and compare their dynamics at the packet- and application-level. This will impact both policy development and the future design of computer networks to address Internet censorship, a critical issue that directly harms U.S. interests by hindering the ability of human rights organizations and U.S. government agencies to disseminate information. Understanding the connections between Internet censorship and computational issues will also enable the integration of this research throughout the computer science curriculum at UNM and other institutions.