Characterization and therapeutic modulation of the immune response towards PTFE encapsulated human embryonic stem cell derived beta cell progenitors

胰岛移植受长期免疫抑制和供体组织缺乏的限制。随着人类β细胞的新来源的开发（例如，干细胞衍生的组织），将它们移植到耐用的装置中可以减少免疫抑制的需要，同时还保护患者免受任何致瘤性的风险。封装技术的巨大进步使其成为可能，最终在一个系统中组合有效的免疫保护和足够的氧气，营养物质，信号分子和激素渗透性。这使我们能够第一次研究在不同环境中移植包封的胰岛素产生细胞的免疫学方面：-小鼠受体中的小鼠胰岛，免疫原性增加的模型-人源化小鼠中的人胚胎干细胞衍生的细胞，并彻底分析免疫应答，以及定义致耐受性，温和的免疫抑制疗法来抑制这种静息免疫应答。

Islet transplantation is limited by the need for chronic immunosuppression and the paucity of donor tissue. As new sources of human beta-cells are developed (e.g., stem cell-derived tissue), transplanting them in a durable device could obviate the need for immunosuppression, while also protecting the patient from any risk of tumorigenicity. Tremendous progresses in the encapsulation technology made possible, to finally have effective immunoprotection and sufficient permeability for oxygen, nutrients, signalling molecules and hormones combined in one system. This allows us, for the first time, to study immunolocial aspects of the transplantation of encapsulated, insulin producing cells in different settings:- mouse islets in mouse recipients in models with increasing immunogenicity- human embryonal stem cell derived cells in humanized miceand to thoroughly analyze the immune response as well as to define a tolerogenic, mild immunosuppressive therapy to curb this rest immune response.As the importance of stem cell derived cells in transplantation is constantly increasing, the results of this work will be of considerable importance for the whole field.