International Research Fellowship Program: Changes in Chert Acquisition Strategies during the Neolithic of Southwest Germany

[0901893]哈里斯该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。国际研究奖学金项目使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行9至24个月的研究。该计划的奖励为联合研究提供了机会，并利用独特或互补的设施、专业知识和国外的实验条件。该奖项将支持Susan K. Harris博士与德国Tuebingen大学的Nicholas J. Conard博士进行为期12个月的研究。该项目正在对德国西南部斯瓦本地区唯一发掘的新石器时代燧石采石场的文物进行深入分析。在新石器时代的过程中，生活在中欧的人们的社会组织发生了许多关键的变化。这些变化包括区域化程度的提高、资源利用的加强和社会结构的分层。在新石器时代，德国南部广大地区的主要工具石来源是斯瓦本高原的侏罗纪燧石。这个项目探索了大约5000年左右的三个新石器时代的原材料开发变化。新石器时代早期（Linearbandkeramik或LBK，约公元前5500-4900年）的人是中欧的第一批农民，他们在那里引进了种植的谷物，驯养的牛、羊和猪。美国第一个定居的村庄，和独特的陶瓷器皿。在新石器时代的过程中，中欧人民的社会融合程度和经济发生了进一步的重大变化。在考古学家发现的长距离交易的更有价值的商品中，有用于制造工具的高质量石头。作为德国西南部斯瓦本半岛上出土的第一个石材原料来源，阿希？Borgerhau吗?该遗址对于了解新石器时代经济中原材料获取、运输和贸易的作用至关重要。这项调查的结果将大大增加中欧地区关于结核采集的现有数据。作为一个新的，过时的网站，Asch ？Borgerhau吗?提供了与巴登-符腾堡州以外的其他采石场的有价值的比较。在德国西南部地区，只有一些定居点被挖掘出来，而在斯瓦本半岛本身，新石器时代的遗迹几乎完全没有被探索过。因此，Asch ？Borgerhau吗?采石场填补了我们对该地区聚落模式和经济组织的理解的重要空白。这项研究将进一步为未来新石器时代燧石采掘的研究提供一个比较数据库。

0901893HarrisThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twelve-month research fellowship by Dr. Susan K. Harris to work with Dr. Nicholas J. Conard at the University of Tuebingen in Germany.This project is conducting an intensive analysis of artifacts from the only excavated Neolithic chert quarry on the Swabian Alb of southwest Germany. During the course of the Neolithic numerous key changes have been observed in the social organization of peoples living in Central Europe. Among these changes are increased regionalization, intensified resource use, and stratification of social structure. Through the Neolithic the main source of tool stone for a broad region of southern Germany was the Jurassic chert of the Swabian Alb plateau. This project explores changes in raw material exploitation across three Neolithic time periods, ca. 5000 ? 2200 B.C. Early Neolithic (Linearbandkeramik or LBK, ca. 5500-4900 B.C.) people were the first farmers in Central Europe, where they introduced cultivated cereals, domesticated cattle, sheep and pigs, the region?s first sedentary villages, and distinctive ceramic vessels. During the course of the Neolithic further significant changes occurred in the degree of social integration and economy of peoples living in central Europe. Among the more valuable commodities that archaeologists can see traded over long distances was high-quality stone for making tools. As the first stone raw material source to be excavated on the Swabian Alb of southwest Germany, the Asch ?Borgerhau? site is vital to understanding the role of raw material acquisition, transport, and trade within the Neolithic economy. Results of this investigation will greatly increase the available data on chert acquisition for central Europe. As a new and well-dated site, Asch ?Borgerhau? provides a valuable comparison to other quarry sites outside of Baden-Württemberg. Within the region of southwest Germany only settlement sites have been excavated, and on the Swabian Alb itself the Neolithic remains almost completely unexplored. Therefore, the Asch ?Borgerhau? quarry site fills an important gap in our understanding of the settlement patterns and economic organization of the region. This research will further result in a comparative database for future research on chert quarrying in the Neolithic.