One-Dimensional Conjugated Materials

美国国家科学基金会化学部的有机和大分子化学项目支持纽约州立大学石溪分校的Nancy Goroff教授，她将寻求从一维共轭材料（如聚炔）到石墨纳米结构的有效途径。第一个实验将集中在伪一维聚合物聚（二碘二乙炔），或PIDA上。最近在Goroff实验室制备的PIDA是第一个报道的只有单原子侧基的有序聚二乙炔。PIDA结构的简单性使得单个聚合物链比其他研究充分的共轭材料更接近地聚集。拟议的研究将包括对PIDA共晶和聚集体的研究，包括电导率、磁电阻率、光学吸收和将PIDA转化为新材料的化学反应。此外，初步结果表明，具有有限侧基的一维共轭体系的聚集体可能是唯一易于石墨化的衬底。因此，Goroff教授将研究作为石墨纳米线来源的聚集体本身。将合成含有3-6个相邻三键和多种侧基的聚炔。这些聚炔的聚集行为将被检查，以及它们的聚合行为。将寻求方法来制造定义良好的有序材料，并对产品的结构、光学、电子和化学性质进行完整的表征。Goroff教授的研究为制备具有独特结构的共轭材料提供了新的方法。由于其电子和光学特性，这些材料将应用于半导体和非线性光吸收剂。除了研究的直接影响外，拟议的工作还将带来其他好处。这项建议的一个主要组成部分涉及合作研究。拟议的项目将来自许多不同领域的科学家聚集在一起，每个领域都有不同的专业知识和研究重点，增加了跨学科边界的交流。拟议的研究还提供了显著的教育效益。该基金资助的研究生和本科生将获得现代有机合成、计算建模、光谱学和聚合物表征方法的经验。Goroff教授还参与外展活动，包括在当地小学和初中的活动。例如，她最近与一位同事一起创建了一个关于香水化学的实践研讨会，作为当地小学职业实验室日的一部分，为三个班的21名学生举办了这个研讨会，并将在未来几年重复举办。此外，她还为20名学生开设了一门关于烹饪化学的大一研讨会课程。这些活动的目的是吸引那些可能不把化学作为职业的学生。

The Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Program in the Chemistry Division at the National Science Foundation supports Professor Nancy Goroff of SUNY Stony Brook who will seek effective routes from one-dimensional conjugated materials (e.g., polyynes) to graphitic nanostructures. The first experiments will center on the pseudo-1-dimensional polymer poly(diiododiacetylene), or PIDA. PIDA, recently prepared in the Goroff lab, is the first reported ordered polydiacetylene with only single-atom side groups. The simplicity of the PIDA structure allows the individual polymer strands to aggregate in much greater proximity than other well studied conjugated materials. The proposed research will include studies of PIDA co-crystals and aggregates, including conductivity, magnetoresistivity, optical absorptions and the chemistry that transforms PIDA into new materials. In addition, preliminary results suggest that aggregates of one-dimensional conjugated systems with limited side groups may be uniquely facile graphitization substrates. Professor Goroff will therefore examine aggregates of polyyne rods themselves, as sources of graphitic nano-wires. Polyynes containing 3-6 adjacent triple bonds and a diverse selection of side groups will be synthesized. The aggregation behavior of each of these polyynes will be examined, as well as their polymerization behavior. Methods will be sought for making well-defined ordered materials, with complete characterization of the products' structural, optical, electronic, and chemical properties.Research by Professor Goroff offers new methods for preparing conjugated materials with unique structures. Because of their electronic and optical properties, these materials will have applications as semi-conductors and as non-linear optical absorbers. In addition to the direct impact of the research, the proposed work will offer other benefits. A major component of this proposal involves collaborative research. The proposed projects bring together scientists from many different fields, each with different expertise and research focus, increasing communication across disciplinary boundaries. The proposed research also offers significant educational benefits. The graduate students and undergraduates supported by this grant will gain experience in modern organic synthesis, computational modeling, spectroscopy, and polymer characterization methods. Professor Goroff also participates in outreach activities, including activities in the local elementary and junior high schools. For example, she recently created, with a colleague, a hands-on workshop on the Chemistry of Perfumes, which was held for three classes of 21 students each as part of a local elementary school Career Lab Day, and will be repeated in the coming years. In addition, she has developed a freshman seminar course for 20 students on the Chemistry of Cooking. These activities are designed to attract students to chemistry who might otherwise not consider chemistry as a career.