Melting in Binary Systems: Application to Earth's Core

铁氧（100GPa以上）和铁碳二元体系将被探索，以确定相稳定性和共晶熔化温度作为压力的函数。当样品在金刚石砧池中压缩和激光加热时，将使用同步x射线衍射来确定部分熔化、单元胞体积和其他晶体学信息。晶体结构是用x射线衍射来监测的，所以在状态方程测量过程中也会检测和识别亚固相转变。这些实验的实验方法已经在阿贡国家实验室的先进光子源被证明是成功的。收集的数据不仅对了解地核温度至关重要，而且对建立地核化学演化模型也至关重要。这些系统中的相位关系和地核内的温度对于理解整个地球历史上磁场的产生至关重要。拟议研究的结果将主要通过在科学文献中发表、参加科学会议以及在必要时通过更广泛的新闻媒介传播。拟议研究的其他好处包括继续发展和改进实验性高压、高温技术；大学研究人员，包括学生参与者，继续接触政府资助的多用户站点的设施和人才；并培训学生在广泛的实验技术和科学协议相关的执行拟议的工作。

The iron-oxygen (above 100GPa) and iron-carbon binary systems will be explored to determine phase stability and eutectic melting temperatures as a function of pressure. Partial melting, unit cell volumes and other crystallographic information are to be determined using synchrotron x-ray diffraction while the samples are compressed and laser-heated in a diamond anvil cell. Crystal structure is naturally monitored with x-ray diffraction, so subsolidus phase transitions will also be detected and identified during the course of the equation of state measurements. The experimental methodology for these experiments has been proven successful at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. The data to be collected are critical not only to understand the temperatures in the Earth's core, but also for developing models of chemical evolution of the Earth's core. The phase relations in these systems and temperatures within the Earth's core are critical for understanding the generation of the magnetic field throughout the history of the Earth. Results from the proposed study will be disseminated primarily through publication in the scientific literature, by participation at scientific conferences, and when warranted, through wider-reaching news outlets. Additional benefits of the proposed research include the continued development and refinement of experimental high-pressure, high-temperature techniques; continued exposure of university researchers, including student participants, to the facilities and talent at government-funded multi-user sites; and the training of students in the wide range of experimental techniques and scientific protocols associated with performing the proposed work.