CAREER: MilliKelvin Magnetic Field-Angle-Resolved Probe of Quantum Materials

* 非技术摘要 * 物理性质的各向异性是晶体系统的一个关键区别特征，是基本相互作用及其合成相的本质的核心，并且已知在稳定物质的许多奇异相（例如高温超导性）方面发挥关键作用。最近发现了一种新的铁基超导体家族，这种超导体具有有趣的基本特性和很大的技术应用前景，该学院早期职业奖支持一个项目，该项目的目标是开发一个实验平台，该平台能够通过测量在大型完全旋转磁场中和接近温度下的热容和其他热特性，来探测量子材料的对称性和各向异性性质绝对零度通过提供一种美国凝聚态物理学界以前无法使用的新实验工具，现在可以解决有关高温超导性和其他奇异物质状态的几个基本问题。这为研究物理、化学、材料科学和其他学科的基础和应用研究所感兴趣的各种材料提供了机会，并有望在能源和健康相关领域应用。这个职业研究计划的一个重要组成部分是扩展教育计划的整合，该计划将包括通过合作工作学习计划的本科生和通过科学磁铁计划的当地高中生的参与。此外，还将组织一个国际初级研究人员短期访问交流计划，以增强从事合作项目的本科生、研究生和博士后学者的经验。技术摘要 * 这个教师早期职业奖支持一个项目，旨在阐明非常规超导性的基本性质和量子临界系统的基态性质，通过量子调谐的实验方法。关键的方法是开发一个实验平台，能够通过在可旋转矢量磁场环境中进行低至毫开尔文温度的热传输和热力学测量来探测量子材料的对称性和各向异性性质。通过在低温下对大的定向磁场进行精确的角度控制，比热和热导率探针将用于a）映射铁基和重费米子超导体中超导序参数的对称性，以及B）通过测量直接的、与解释无关的量来测试粒子激发的基本性质，从而研究量子临界系统中各向异性的作用。该研究计划的一个重要组成部分是扩展教育计划的整合，该计划将包括通过合作工作学习计划的本科生和通过科学磁铁计划的当地高中生的参与。此外，还将组织一个国际初级研究人员短期访问交流计划，以增强从事合作项目的本科生、研究生和博士后学者的经验。

****NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****The anisotropy of physical properties is a key distinguishing feature of crystalline systems, is central to the nature of fundamental interactions and their resultant phases, and is known to play a key role in stabilizing many exotic phases of matter such as high-temperature superconductivity. Motivated by the recent discovery of a new family of iron-based superconductors with intriguing fundamental properties and much promise for technological applications, this Faculty Early Career Award supports a program with a goal of developing an experimental platform capable of probing the symmetry and anisotropic nature of quantum materials by measuring heat capacity and other thermal properties in large fully rotatable magnetic fields and at temperatures approaching absolute zero. By providing a new experimental tool previously unavailable to the U.S. condensed matter physics community, several fundamental questions regarding the nature of high-temperature superconductivity and other exotic states of matter can now be addressed. This provides an opportunity for investigation of a wide range of materials of interest to both fundamental and applied research in physics, chemistry, materials science and other disciplines, and with promise for applications in energy and health-related fields. An important component of this CAREER research program is the integration of an extended education program that will include the participation of both undergraduate students through co-operative work-study programs and local-area high school students through Science Magnet Programs. Also, an international junior researcher short-visit exchange program will be organized to enhance the experience of undergraduate students, graduate students and postdoctoral scholars working on collaborative projects.****TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****This Faculty Early Career Award supports a project seeking to elucidate the fundamental nature of unconventional superconductivity and the ground state properties of quantum critical systems via experimentally accessible methods of quantum tuning. The key approach is to develop an experimental platform capable of probing the symmetry and anisotropic nature of quantum materials by performing thermal transport and thermodynamic measurements down to milliKelvin temperatures in a rotatable vector magnetic field environment. With precise angular control of large, directional magnetic fields at low temperatures, specific heat and thermal conductivity probes will be used to a) map the symmetry of superconducting order parameters in iron-based and heavy-fermion superconductors, and b) investigate the role of anisotropy in quantum critical systems by measuring straightforward, interpretation-independent quantities to test the basic nature of particle excitations. An important component of this research program is the integration of an extended education program that will include the participation of both undergraduate students through co-operative work-study programs and local-area high school students through Science Magnet Programs. Also, an international junior researcher short-visit exchange program will be organized to enhance the experience of undergraduate students, graduate students and postdoctoral scholars working on collaborative projects.