Using Observations to Elucidate the Magnetic Structure of Erupting and Non-Erupting Filaments

这项研究解决了日冕物质抛射(CME)和太阳表面磁结构之间的联系。鉴于日冕物质抛射被认为是非经常性地磁暴的主要太阳驱动因素，首席调查员将侧重于对太阳细丝的结构、形成和喷发进行全面研究，这是大多数日冕物质抛射爆发的基本组成部分。除其他任务外，PI将使用高节奏磁图和应用局部相关跟踪数字代码来确定在丝状通道形成期间极性反转线附近的光球层流动。然后，她将确定磁通抵消、合并或碎裂的位置。她将测试这样的假设，即细丝倒钩是由穿过细丝通道的磁通量元素触发的喷射状流动，并与另一边的多数极性通量相互抵消。PI还将对喷发的静止和活跃区域细丝的终点亮化进行系统调查，利用航天器观测，以核实这些特征发生在瞬变空洞的外缘(并且不同于与喷发后拱廊有关的众所周知的足点亮化)。最后，她将利用航天器的数据，对细丝喷发中的旋转进行系统的研究，以检验细丝/倒钩系统与上面拱廊的螺旋度符号相反的假设，这与细丝的标准通量绳模型相反。国际和平研究所希望这项研究能更好地理解空间天气的潜在物理驱动因素。为了加强这一更广泛的影响，PI将与美国海军研究实验室的同事密切合作，后者积极参与为美国国防部开发新的空间天气预报作战技术和仪器。

This investigation addresses the connection between coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and magnetic structures at the solar surface. Given the motivation that CMEs are recognized as the primary solar driver of non-recurrent geomagnetic storms, the Principal Investigator (PI) will focus on a comprehensive study of the structure, formation, and eruption of solar filaments, which are a basic component of most CME eruptions. Among other tasks, the PI will use high-cadence magnetograms and the application of a Local Correlation Tracking numerical code to determine photospheric flows in the vicinity of the polarity inversion line during the formation of a filament channel. She will then identify the locations of magnetic flux cancellation, coalescence, or fragmentation. She will test the hypothesis that filament barbs are jet-like flows triggered by magnetic flux elements that cross the filament channel and cancel with majority-polarity flux on the other side. The PI also will perform a systematic survey of endpoint brightenings in erupting quiescent and active-region filaments, employing spacecraft observations in order to verify that these features occur at the outer edges of transient holes (and are distinct from the well-known footpoint brightenings associated with post-eruption arcades). Finally, using spacecraft data, she will carry out a systematic study of rotation in erupting filaments, in order to test the hypothesis that a filament/barb system has the opposite helicity sign to the overlying arcade, contrary to the standard flux-rope model for filaments.The PI expects this study to lead to a better understanding of the underlying physical drivers of space weather. To enhance this broader impact, the PI will work closely with colleagues at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, who are actively involved in developing new operational techniques and instrumentation for space weather prediction for the U.S. Department of Defense.