III: Medium: Collaborative Research: Frankencamera - an open-source Camera for Research and Teaching in Computational Photography

计算摄影广义地指增强或扩展数字摄影能力的传感策略和算法技术。代表性技术包括高动态范围（HDR）成像、闪光-无闪光成像、全景拼接和可调焦摄影。尽管图形和视觉研究人员对计算摄影的兴趣稳步增加，但由于缺乏便携式，可编程的相机平台，具有足够的图像质量和计算能力，无法在实验室之外使用，即用于日常摄影，因此进展受到阻碍。同样，全国几十所大学开设了计算机摄影课程。然而，这些课程都没有为学生提供一个相机，他们可以在上面实现目前在文献中发表的算法。为了解决这两个问题，我们正在建立一个开源的相机平台（称为franencamera），它是便携式的，自供电的，连接到互联网，并容纳单反质量的镜头和传感器。我们还描述了一个基于Linux的软件架构，以及一个带有c++绑定的API，它允许在微秒时间尺度上控制和同步相机功能。我们的API包括预捕获功能，如测光和对焦，图像后处理管道，取景器的用户界面工具包，以及对当前和未来I/O设备的支持。我们的计划是以最低的成本将这个平台分发给全国的研究人员和大学教师，使用他们已经教授的计算摄影课程作为自然分发工具。教师将向我们申请成为这个拓展项目的一部分，一个常设委员会将对这些申请进行评估。我们的长期目标是鼓励创建一个摄影师程序员社区，他们为相机编写插件和应用程序。

Computational photography refers broadly to sensing strategies and algorithmic techniques that enhance or extend the capabilities of digital photography. Representative techniques include high dynamic range (HDR) imaging, flash-noflash imaging, panoramic stitching, and refocusable photography. Although interest in computational photography has steadily increased among graphics and vision researchers, progress has been hampered by the lack of a portable, programmable camera platform with enough image quality and computing power to be used outside the laboratory, i.e. for everyday photography. Similarly, courses in computational photography are offered in dozens of universities nationwide. However, none of these courses provide students with a camera on which they can implement the algorithms currently being published in the literature.To address these two problems, we are building an open-source camera platform (called Frankencamera) that is portable, self-powered, connected to the Internet, and accommodates SLR-quality lenses and sensors. We also describe a software architecture based on Linux, and an API with bindings for C++, that permits control and synchronization of camera functions at the microsecond time scale. Our API includes pre-capture functions like metering and focusing, an image post-processing pipeline, a user interface toolkit for the viewfinder, and support for current and future I/O devices. Our plan is to distribute this platform at minimal cost to researchers and university instructors nationwide, using the computational photography courses they already teach as a natural distribution vehicle. Instructors will apply to us to be part of this outreach program, and a standing committee will evaluate these applications. Our long-term goal is to spur creation of a community of photographer-programmers who write plug-ins and apps for cameras.