Fiber-Optic Technology for Fully-Distributed Physical, Chemical, and Biological Sensing

该项目的目标是开发一种光纤传感器技术，使物理，化学和生物参数的全分布式同时测量在一个单一的纤维。这种方法是基于一种新的旅行长周期光栅（LPG），产生的声学或光学的单模光纤。 空间定位的行进光栅将纤芯中的引导光学模式耦合到包层模式，包层模式然后与光纤表面上的功能涂层相互作用以引起透射光谱偏移。 与传统LPG仅限于单点测量不同，移动LPG实现了全分布式传感。 通过划分不同的表面涂层，每个涂层可以对不同的参数有选择性的响应，可以用单个光纤测量各种物理、化学和生物参数。 这项研究将最终在一个完整的系统演示分布式测量的各种物理，化学和生物参数与一个光纤。这项工作的未来应用包括河流和湖泊中的污染检测，各种公共场所的化学-生物恐怖主义试剂检测，未来氢能系统中的氢气检测，以及各种气体或液体化学品输送的长管道泄漏检测。

The objective of the project is to develop an optical fiber sensor technology that will enable fully-distributed simultaneous measurement of physical, chemical, and biological parameters in a single fiber. This approach is based on a novel traveling long period grating (LPG), generated either acoustically or optically in a single-mode fiber. The spatially-localized traveling grating couples the guided optical mode in the fiber core to cladding modes, which then interact with functional coatings on the surface of the fiber to cause the transmitted optical spectrum to shift. Unlike traditional LPGs, which are limited to single-point measurement, the traveling LPG enables fully-distributed sensing. By partitioning of different surface coatings, each of which can have selective response to different parameters, a variety of physical, chemical, and biological parameters can be measured with a single fiber. This research will culminate in a full system demonstration for distributed measurement of various physical, chemical, and biological parameters with one fiber. Future applications of this work include pollution detection in rivers and lakes, chemical-bio terrorism agent detection for a variety of public venues, hydrogen detection in future hydrogen energy systems, and leak detection in long pipelines for various gaseous or liquid chemical delivery.