International Research Fellowship Program: Atmospheric Implications of the Temperature-and State-dependent Chemistry of Organic Aerosol

惠斯曼国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行9至24个月的研究。该计划的奖项提供了联合研究的机会，并利用国外独特或互补的设施、专业知识和实验条件。该奖项将支持安德鲁·J·惠斯曼博士与瑞士苏黎世ETH的托马斯·彼得博士合作为期24个月的研究奖学金。气溶胶(包括二次有机气溶胶(SOA))与包括气候变化和人类健康影响在内的一系列现象有关，正成为大气化学、大气工程和气候模拟领域的优先事项。涉及二次有机气溶胶的详细机制特别重要，因为它们是气候预测中最大的不确定性因素之一。这项研究将直接有助于我们理解气溶胶及其驱动它们的微观过程。通过这样做，它将有助于理解和解决气雾剂在减缓全球变暖和空气质量恶化方面的作用。这项工作可能导致气溶胶科学领域的进步，减少气溶胶过程中的不确定性，为科学家和政策制定者提供关于从区域空气质量到全球气候变化等问题的宝贵信息。对流层气溶胶的物理状态在很大程度上仍然未知，尽管它对云形成、大气化学、大气辐射预算以及气候具有重要意义。在其他专题中，有机化合物(在许多情况下占气溶胶质量的一半以上)在气溶胶中的化学反应知之甚少，尽管它们对对流层化学很重要。总体而言，关于气溶胶中化学和物理性质的相互作用的现有信息很少。我们假设，气溶胶中有机化合物的化学处理将改变气溶胶的物理性质，而这些物理性质可能反过来影响化学处理的程度。这些变化可能会通过气体/颗粒分配导致新的与大气相关的气体的汇或来源，以及由于吸湿增长的变化而改变气溶胶的寿命或云形成潜力。在这项工作中，我们研究这些性质，以获得关于它们对气溶胶过程的总影响的信息。

1006117HuismanThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-four-month research fellowship by Dr. Andrew J. Huisman to work with Dr. Thomas Peter at ETH in Zurich, Switzerland.Aerosols (including Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA)) have been linked to a number of phenomena including climate change and human health effects, and are rightly becoming a priority for the fields of atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric engineering, and climactic modeling. The detailed mechanisms involving Secondary Organic Aerosol are of particular importance as they represent one of the largest factors of uncertainty in climate predictions. This research will contribute directly to our understanding of aerosols and the microscopic processes that drive them. In so doing, it will contribute to understanding and resolving the role of aerosols both in mitigating global warming and in deteriorating air quality. This work may lead to advances in the field of aerosol science that decrease the uncertainty in aerosol processes, providing valuable information to scientists and policy makers on issues from regional air quality to global climate change.The physical state of tropospheric aerosol is still largely unknown despite its importance for cloud formation, atmospheric chemistry, the atmospheric radiation budget, and hence, climate. Among other topics, chemical reactions of organic compounds (which under many conditions represent over half of the aerosol mass) within aerosols are poorly understood, despite their importance to tropospheric chemistry. In general, there is very little information available concerning the interplay of chemistry and physical properties in aerosols. We hypothesize that chemical processing of organic compounds in aerosols will alter aerosol physical properties and that these physical properties may, in turn, influence the extent of chemical processing. These changes may lead to new sinks or sources of atmospherically relevant gases via gas/particle partitioning, as well as altering the lifetime or cloud formation potential of aerosols due to changes in hygroscopic growth. In this work, we investigate these properties to gain information about the total effect that they exert on aerosol processes.